Efeitos de um programa de atividade física no perfil psicobiológico de indivíduos com esquizofrenia
Resumo
Os objetivos do presente estudo foram verificar os efeitos terapêuticos de um Programa de Atividade Física (PAF) em indivíduos com esquizofrenia de serviços públicos de saúde mental de São Paulo; comparar os níveis de depressão, ansiedade traço e estado, humor e os níveis dos componentes pro-inflamatórios do sistema imune (Interleucina-6, IL-6) e Fator de necrose tumoral-alfa (TNF-alfa). O PAF teve duração de 12 semanas, duas vezes semanais, ~45 minutos cada sessão com ênfase aeróbica. 32 indivíduos com diagnóstico de esquizofrenia (15 mulheres e 17 homens) foram divididos em Grupo Controle (GC, n=11, não participaram do PAF); Grupo Intermediário (GI, n=10, realizaram menos de 70% das sessões); e Grupo Exercício (GE, n=11, participaram de mais de 70% das sessões). Anamnese, antropometria, e as seguintes avaliações foram realizadas antes e após o PAF: Inventário de Depressão de Beck (IDB), Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado (IDATE), Escala de Humor de Brunel (BRUMS), níveis de IL-6 e TNF-alfa salivar. Houve redução significante no GE para as variáveis IDB (p=0,008), ansiedade traço (p=0,040), sub variável “depressão” de BRUMS (p=0,036) e níveis de IL-6 (p=0,028). Conclui-se que realização de um programa simples de atividade física foi capaz de promover efeitos terapêuticos favoráveis nos participantes, independentemente de mudanças antropométricas.
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