Lecturas: Educación Física y Deportes

How VPNs Protect your Financial Data when Shopping or Banking Online

Pedro Claro — Tue, 28 Oct 2025 22:23:00 -0300

The rise of online shopping and banking has increased the exposure of financial data, with a 30% increase in attempted digital fraud in 2024, according to Febraban. Information such as CPF (Brazilian Social Security Number), passwords, and card numbers is extremely valuable, making digital security a constant challenge. A VPN (Virtual Private Network) is emerging as an essential layer of protection. By creating an encrypted tunnel (such as VeePN's 256-bit encryption) between your device and the internet, it prevents cyberattacks from intercepting data in a readable form, even on insecure public connections. Using a VPN protects against identity theft and data leaks, strengthens anonymity by masking your IP address, and prevents tracking, complementing the security of banks and stores. With more than 5 million attempted digital financial scams annually in Brazil, investing in a reliable VPN is an increasingly recommended security measure to enjoy digital convenience with peace of mind.

When Chance Decides: The Role of Coin Flipping in Sports

Sara Domínguez — Tue, 28 Oct 2025 17:37:08 -0300

Coin flipping, originating in ancient Rome, is a traditional game that remains a simple and fair method for making decisions in sports (soccer, football, volleyball, etc.). It involves tossing a coin to fairly determine aspects such as initial possession, the side of the court, or who starts in penalty kicks. Although it is a random event, studies suggest that winning the toss may slightly increase the odds of winning (2.8% in cricket), and in penalty shootouts, the winning team chooses to start or not, winning in 60% of cases. However, there is no evidence that it determines the outcome of the match. Furthermore, it has become a popular betting market. Interestingly, the actual probability of it landing on the starting side is slightly over 50%. Coin flipping is a random event with little real long-term effect, but it injects confidence and entertainment.

Unforgettable Comebacks in Tennis: Five Duels that Defied All Logic

Diana Gujer — Sun, 26 Oct 2025 21:20:38 -0300

In tennis, character defines true champions, proving that talent alone is not enough without great determination. Great comebacks, when they overturn critical situations, offer the most intense and memorable moments in the sport. This article recalls five historic duels: Andy Murray vs. Fernando Verdasco (Wimbledon 2013): Murray rallied from 0-2 down in sets to win in five sets and continue his journey to the title. Rafael Nadal vs. Daniil Medvedev (Australian Open 2022): Nadal, trailing 0-2, staged an epic comeback at 35 years of age to claim his 21st Grand Slam title. Andre Agassi vs. Andrei Medvedev (Roland Garros 1999): Agassi recovered after losing the first two sets to complete the career Grand Slam. Rafael Nadal vs. Roger Federer (2008 Wimbledon): Nadal prevailed in a nearly five-hour, rain-interrupted final, winning 9-7 in the fifth set. Pete Sampras vs. Jim Courier (1995 Australian Open): Sampras overcame a 0-2 deficit in sets and profound sadness due to his coach's illness, triumphing in five sets.

The Impact of Digital Minimalism on Modern Sport

Emilio Arrung — Thu, 16 Oct 2025 02:19:26 -0300

Technology has transformed sport, from performance monitoring to training optimization. However, digital minimalism emerged as a response to information overload. This approach promotes the conscious and strategic use of technology, helping athletes focus on the essentials and maximize their potential. It is crucial for athletes' mental health, as it reduces social media noise and media pressure, allowing for a healthier balance. Coaches benefit by focusing on athlete development rather than excessive data, balancing technology and intuition. By better managing online time, professional athletes can let their performance speak for itself, creating authentic connections with their fans. In conclusion, digital minimalism offers a new perspective: a balanced approach where technology complements, rather than complicates, the sporting process, improving performance and well-being.

Mood States before and after a Soccer of Travinha Game in Healthy Men

Wed, 01 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The aim of this study was to analyze mood states before and after the game of Soccer of Travinha in healthy men. The sample consisted of 18 healthy men aged between 18 and 30. The entire session on the day of the soccer game lasted ≅ 90 minutes. The soccer game was played on a court measuring 28 meters long by 15 meters wide and the goals were 1.20 meters wide by 0.80 meters high. An official futsal ball was used for the game and the match was played by two teams made up of three players each. The game was played in two 10-minute periods with a 10-minute break between periods. To play the soccer game, the participants were divided into 6 teams of 3 players and then answered the Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) before the game. Then the game started and after the game had finished the participants answered the Brums scale immediately after the game and 60 minutes after the soccer match. It was observed that there was a significant increase in the perception of tension and fatigue and a significant reduction in the perception of vigor immediately after the soccer game (p< 0.05). We conclude that there was a negative change acute in the mood states of the participants after the soccer game, however, 1 hour after the game the mood states returned to pre-game levels.

Cardiometabolic Disorders in People Living with HIV in the Interior of the Amazon, Brazil

Wed, 01 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Introduction: HIV infection, combined with antiretroviral therapy (ART), predisposes people living with HIV (PLHIV) to develop metabolic changes, changes in body fat distribution and increased cardiovascular risk (CVR). Objective: To analyze the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS), dyslipidemia, lipodystrophy, and CVR with the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of PLHIV in the interior of the Amazon, Brazil. Methods: Cross-sectional study, composed of 115 PLHIV, treated at a Specialized Outpatient Clinic. Sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory, body composition information was sought, as well as the presence of MetS, dyslipidemia, lipodystrophy and CVR. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, adopting p<0.05. Results: Males predominated (59.1%), as well as dyslipidemia (81.7%). It was observed that 22.6% of PLHIV had MetS, 37.4% had lipodystrophy and 8.7% had moderate CVR. Age ≥40 years was associated with MetS and lipodystrophy; and longer duration of ART use was associated with lipodystrophy (p<0.05). Smoking and lipodystrophy were associated with moderate CVR (p<0.05). Altered values for abdominal circumference, glucose, LDL-c, HDL-c, body mass index and blood pressure were associated with MetS (p<0.05). Conclusion: According to the data, the high frequency of PLHIV with dyslipidemia, lipodystrophy and MetS is worrying, as is the relationship between MS and lipodystrophy and moderate CVR. Thus, the need for continuous monitoring and assertive interventions to prevent the onset or worsening of cardiometabolic diseases in this population is highlighted.

Noninvasive Ventilation in Aerobic Training of Patients with Heart Failure

Wed, 01 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Introduction: Heart failure causes dyspnea and fatigue, and cardiac rehabilitation is one of the alternatives to improve functionality. Aerobic training is an effective therapeutic option, and noninvasive ventilation also demonstrates good results. Objective: To analyze the effect of aerobic training combined with noninvasive ventilation on the functional capacity of patients with heart failure. Method: This is a before-and-after analytical intervention study. The intervention consisted of combining aerobic training with continuous airway ventilation twice a week for 12 weeks. The outcome variables evaluated were the distance covered in the six-minute walk test (6MWT) and the number of repetitions in the one-minute sit-to-stand test (1MST). Results: The sample was predominantly male (n=4/80%), with a mean age of 59.29±16.97 years. The distance covered in the 6MWT increased, non-significantly, from 363±172.61 meters to 487.25±102.01 meters after rehabilitation (p=0.068). The 1min SRT increased from 16.20±4.97 repetitions to 22±1.58 repetitions after rehabilitation (p=0.043). Conclusion: Cardiac rehabilitation, involving aerobic training combined with the use of non-invasive ventilation, promoted improvements in the functional capacity of patients with heart failure.

Conception of Healthy Living: A Study with Religious Leaders

Wed, 01 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The study sought to understand the concept of healthy living from the perspective of leaders of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. This was field research with a qualitative approach. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, and content analysis was used for analysis. It was emphasized that Church members must take responsibility for various areas of life, including health, which is understood holistically, thus requiring physical, moral, and spiritual care. The results revealed that the Church encourages the adoption of a healthy lifestyle that includes obedience to commandments such as the Law of Chastity (safe sexual practices, respect for the body); the Law of the Fast (prayer, spiritual strength, altruism); the Word of Wisdom (abstaining from addictive and harmful substances; guidelines for a balanced diet); and encourages regular physical exercise, combined with rest and adequate sleep. By promoting an active lifestyle, the Church offers social support for physical activity, providing facilities, materials, and organizing sporting events. In general, most of the concepts presented by the leaders are consistent with the literature, summarizing the ideal of a healthy life in a comprehensive manner. Therefore, it can be concluded that this religious institution advocates for its members to have healthier lives, thus associating a healthy life with religious values.

Influence of Hamstring Stretching on Soccer Injury Prevention: A Systematic Review

Wed, 01 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Hamstring injuries are common in soccer. It is common to warm up with stretching exercises before playing sports for preventive purposes. However, there are divergences regarding their benefits. This study aimed to review the main findings on the effects of hamstring stretching in preventing soccer injuries. This is a systematic review that gathered scientific articles from the electronic databases PubMed/Medline, ISI Web of Science and Scopus. The articles selected in English had the following descriptors: “stretching”, “hamstring”, “prevention” and “soccer”. Prospective studies (clinical trials and cohort studies) that addressed the effects of stretching in preventing injuries in soccer players of both sexes, without date restrictions, were considered. Titles and abstracts were analyzed, duplicate records were excluded and full texts were read, with exclusion of articles that did not meet the inclusion criteria. In total, 123 studies were found and after the entire selection process, two studies were selected. One of the selected studies showed that the program that emphasized stretching exercises had a positive effect on the time to return to sports practice in athletes with hamstring injuries, when compared to another program with less emphasis on stretching, but there was no control group. In the other study analyzed, no significant differences were found in the incidence of hamstring strains with flexibility training. It is concluded that the evidence is limited and inconclusive for this topic, deserving future investigations.

The Impact of Technologies on the Promotion of Physical Activity. A Narrative Review

Erick Santana de Souza — Wed, 01 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Introduction: Technological advances have impacted several areas, including health and physical activity promotion. However, few reviews summarize these effects. Objective: To review studies that analyze the impact of new technologies on promoting physical activity. Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted on Google Scholar, considering articles published in the last 15 years. Descriptors such as "Technology" and "Physical Activity" were used. After the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 24 studies were selected. Results: The technologies applied to the promotion of physical activity were categorized into three main axes: (1) guidance and monitoring of controls, allowing personalization of workouts, remote monitoring, and monitoring of physiological solutions; (2) gamification and social interaction, encouraging adherence through interactive games and social networks that stimulate engagement; and (3) rehabilitation and active aging, with innovations that assist in motor recovery and maintenance of mobility in the elderly. Conclusion: Technology has contributed significantly to the adherence and maintenance of physical activity, although challenges such as inequalities in access and increased sedentary lifestyle need to be addressed.

Family Perception of Physical Activities for Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities: Barriers and Facilitators

Marcele Sachete Dorneles, Artur Carloto Gindri, Luciana Erina Palma — Wed, 01 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The practice of physical activity is recommended for the entire population, including children, adolescents, adults, and the elderly. However, when considering certain groups, such as people with disabilities, the path to access is often filled with difficulties. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate the barriers and facilitators to the practice of physical activities, based on the perception of family members by individuals with intellectual disabilities. The sample consisted of family members of participants in an extension project. An identification data sheet and a questionnaire adapted were used to analyze the reasons for not engaging in physical activity and the factors that do not hinder its practice. The results indicated that bad mood, lack of interest, lack of physical skills, and limited financial resources are barriers to physical activity. In contrast, factors such as work schedule, family commitments, household chores, lack of encouragement from family and/or friends, lack of financial resources, mild pain or discomfort, and lack of energy were cited as facilitators, meaning they do not hinder the practice of physical activities. Therefore, it is concluded that barriers and facilitators manifest in daily life, influencing and impacting the quality of life and health of people with disabilities. However, understanding these factors and seeking alternatives to minimize them require specific strategies for building a more inclusive society.

Effects of Practicing MuayThai on the Physical Capabilities and Behavioral Aspects of Women

Wed, 01 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Introduction: MuayThai is a combat sport that involves body movements, concentration techniques and its own philosophies, and is still rarely practiced by women. Objective: To verify the effects of MuayThai practice on physical abilities and behavioral aspects in women. Methods: Quasi-experimental study, characterized by intervention with MuayThai in a group of healthy adult women. Abdominal muscle endurance (maximum repetitions in one minute), flexibility of the posterior muscle chain (sit and reach test), body image (Body Image Scale) and behaviors and risk factors associated with the onset of pain (BackPEI-A questionnaire) were evaluated. Descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistical analysis (t-test and paired sample chi-square test, McNemar test, p<0.05) were performed. Results: The sample consisted of nine women (age=21.6±1.67 years; body mass=66.4±15.1 kg; height=1.64±0.06 m). There was a significant difference in abdominal muscle resistance related to scalar (t(8)=-3.615, p=0.007, Cohen's d=0.042) and classificatory values (χ2(9)=17.100, p=0.047; Cramer's V=0.796). There was no significant difference for the flexibility of the posterior muscle chain ((t (8) =1.523, p=0.166, Cohen's d=-0.39); (χ2(9)=6.750, p=0.345; Cramer's V=0.612)). Regarding the risk factors that predispose to the onset of pain, a worsening was observed (t (8)=1.414, p=0.195, Cohen's d=-0.48). Conclusion: The practice of MuayThai, performed twice a week for approximately two months, was able to have a significant effect on improving abdominal muscle resistance. However, in other variables related to physical capacities and behavioral aspects, it did not present contributions.

Origins of Sailing, Water Skiing, Canoeing, Rafting, Surfing, and Kayaking in Costa Rica (1900-1999)

Chester Rodolfo Urbina Gaitán — Wed, 01 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The objective of this article is to study the historical evolution of sailing, water skiing, canoeing, rafting, surfing, and kayaking in Costa Rica between 1900 and 1999, based on newspaper records. This was done through data provided by the commercial press. Emphasis was placed on the places where these sports were practiced, the initiators of these sports, their promotion, and state support. The meager state support and the high cost of practicing them made these sports accessible only to the privileged sectors. This situation resulted in a low level of international competitiveness. The limited state intervention in the development and control of the aforementioned sports allowed entrepreneurs and associations linked to these activities to focus solely on their commercial exploitation. They were unconcerned about environmental preservation in the areas where they were practiced. This is evident in the case of surfing.

Analysis of Physical and Technical Indicators in the 2024/25 UEFA Champions League

Cristian Marino Murillo García — Wed, 01 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Performance analysis in soccer has undergone a remarkable evolution, moving from approaches focused on physical or tactical variables to more multidimensional approaches that seek to understand the relationship between the different demands of the game. From this perspective, variables such as goals scored, ball possession and total distance traveled are essential to evaluate collective behavior, the objective of this study was to analyze the behavior of physical and technical-tactical indicators of the UEFA Champions League, a quantitative study was carried out, non-experimental, cross-sectional and correlational-comparative design, aimed at identifying the association of physical and technical variables and the performance of the UEFA Champions League 2024/25 matches, the teams scored an average of 1.63 goals in each game, with high variability, which translates into great differences in offensive effectiveness, on the other hand, the average ball possession was 50%, as for the distance traveled, there was an average of 117.4 km with wide differences, which means different levels of conditional demand depending on the game or strategy, the findings provide necessary information for the design of training and scouting tasks.

School Swimming. Contributions to Rethinking its Teaching from the Perspective of Educational Transformation

Wed, 01 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The teaching of swimming has been part of the primary education curriculum in Uruguay since 2008. In 2023, an educational transformation was initiated that required physical education teachers to rethink their professional practices, including aquatic ones, from planning to methodologies and evaluation. This is considering that decisions about what, how, and why to teach directly impact the lives of the children who attend public schools in Uruguay. The objective of this work is to provide teachers with a series of guidelines that facilitate the planning and implementation of school swimming instruction, adaptable to the realities of their contexts and the particularities of their groups, while taking into account the current guidelines of the General Directorate of Initial and Primary Education from Uruguay.

Inclusive Physical Education for Student with Motor Disabilities

Daniel Josué Kirby Gomez — Wed, 01 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The research addressed the educational inclusion of students with motor functional diversity in Physical Education in Ecuador, specifically in the province of Guayas, which concentrated 25.3% of the national population with physical alterations. The case study was a 15-year-old adolescent with left transtibial amputation, for whom adaptive pedagogical strategies were implemented through a deliberate transformative action aimed at optimizing her multidimensional development. The methodology adopted a qualitative educational action-research design with an exploratory-descriptive scope. The intervention was structured following the typical action-research cycle: diagnosis, action and evaluation. This methodological design made it possible to understand the inclusion processes in Physical Education classes and to develop specific didactic strategies to facilitate effective inclusion, constituting a paradigmatic example to examine inclusive processes from educational and motor perspectives. The objective of this research was to develop a didactic strategy that would facilitate the effective inclusion of students with physical motor disabilities in Physical Education (PE) classes, promoting their integral development and transforming pedagogical practices in educational contexts. This objective was approached through a qualitative action-research design, which allowed not only to understand the experiences lived by the participants, but also to generate significant changes in the educational practice through a cyclical process of planning, action, observation and reflection.

The Howard Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences, Implications for Education and Learning

Wed, 01 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0300

This literature review article explores the Theory of Multiple Intelligences proposed by Howard Gardner, which suggests that intelligence is not a single, general ability, but rather a set of distinct cognitive skills. Gardner initially identified seven types of intelligence: linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, and intrapersonal, later adding naturalistic intelligence. This perspective has had a significant impact on the field of education, as it offers a broader view of human potential and challenges traditional teaching models focused solely on conventional academic abilities. The objective of this article is to analyze how this theory has been applied in educational contexts, what benefits have been reported, and what its main criticisms are. The review of various sources reveals that many educators have adopted this approach to design more inclusive pedagogical strategies that cater to individual learning styles, thereby promoting a more equitable and participatory education. However, the limitations of the theory are also discussed, including the lack of conclusive empirical evidence supporting the existence of independent intelligences in a neurological sense. Despite this, the theory of multiple intelligences remains an important reference point for curriculum design and educational innovation, as it emphasizes the value of recognizing and nurturing the diversity of student abilities in the classroom.

Impact of Physical Activity on Asthma Mortality in Brazil

Wed, 01 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0300

This study examines asthma mortality in Brazil over the past 13 years, providing a detailed epidemiological analysis across the country's five regions and highlighting disparities in mortality rates. Additionally, it discusses the role of physical activity in asthma management, including exercise prescription guidelines for individuals with asthma and the positive impact of physical activity on quality of life and respiratory function. Based on a systematic review of studies, this article offers recommendations for safe exercise practices, considering factors such as Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction and specific age-related needs.

Strategies to Dominate Esports: Keys to Success

Francisco Baldinelli — Thu, 25 Sep 2025 22:38:03 -0300

Esports are booming in 2025, combining strategy and technology. Players can master this digital world by following a variety of tactics. For beginners, it's crucial to start in practice modes, set clear goals, join communities, and watch professionals. These initial strategies help build a solid foundation. Advanced players must master high-intensity games, analyze their game statistics, and participate in global tournaments. Coordination with teammates and continuous learning of advanced techniques are vital to success.

The Digital Sports Ecosystem: From Competition to Leisure and Community

Emilio Arrung — Fri, 19 Sep 2025 22:58:50 -0300

Sport has transcended the playing field to integrate into a vast digital ecosystem that redefines the experience of fans and athletes. This environment connects live streams, real-time data, training apps, wearable devices, video games, betting, and online communities. The sports experience is no longer limited to the live event, but extends to preparation, post-event analysis, and constant social interaction across multiple platforms. For athletes and clubs, it offers monitoring tools and direct communication channels. For fans, it expands the ways to participate and receive information. Managing this ecosystem responsibly, safeguarding privacy and avoiding saturation, is key to enriching sports practice.

The New Bernabéu Tunnel that Turns Real Madrid's History into its Greatest Asset

Diana Gujer — Fri, 19 Sep 2025 22:49:52 -0300

Real Madrid has inaugurated a special corridor in the renovated Santiago Bernabéu, designed to influence visiting teams psychologically and motivate its own players. This "tunnel of emotions" leads from the arrival of the buses to the pitch, displaying the club's European Cups and other historic trophies in glass cases. The goal is for opponents to feel the grandeur and pressure of the stadium from the first moment. For Real Madrid players, it serves as a reminder of the history and responsibility their jersey represents. This initiative, launched against Marseille, is part of the stadium's modernization and seeks to command respect, consolidating the Bernabéu as an emotional fortress.

2025 F1 Drivers: Who's in with the Best Chance at the Azerbaijan GP?

Pedro Claro — Tue, 16 Sep 2025 23:29:55 -0300

The 2025 Azerbaijan Grand Prix is shaping up to be a key and high-pressure race on the F1 calendar. The Baku street circuit, known for its unpredictability with long straights and tight corners, tests the drivers' skill and team strategy. In this scenario, McLaren arrives as the team to beat, with Oscar Piastri leading the championship and Lando Norris demonstrating formidable speed. However, Max Verstappen cannot be ruled out, whose experience and tactical acumen keep him a constant candidate for the podium. Other drivers such as George Russell, with his consistency, and Charles Leclerc, with his explosiveness in qualifying, also position themselves as serious contenders in a race that promises to be decisive.

From an Anonymous Experiment to a Global Financial Phenomenon: The History of Bitcoin

Alessia Quispe — Mon, 08 Sep 2025 21:41:50 -0300

In late 2008, an anonymous author known as Satoshi Nakamoto introduced a paper describing a "peer-to-peer electronic cash system" called Bitcoin. This marked the creation of a decentralized digital currency designed to operate without intermediaries. Bitcoin functions on a technology called blockchain, which acts as a public and immutable ledger. Transactions are grouped into blocks and validated by a network of miners, who earn new Bitcoins for their work. The currency's programmed scarcity, capped at 21 million units, has helped it evolve from a simple experiment into a store of value, providing a hedge against inflation. This same blockchain technology has since inspired a new industry of cryptocurrencies and decentralized applications.

Spain Leads the Growth of Online Gambling in Europe

Sara Domínguez — Thu, 04 Sep 2025 23:49:17 -0300

In recent years, Spain has seen significant growth in online gambling, becoming a leader in Europe. The popularity of online casinos, especially live casinos, has increased, allowing players to enjoy the excitement of traditional games from home. The Directorate General for the Regulation of Gambling (DGOJ) has established stricter regulations to ensure responsible and safe gambling. Online poker has stood out, attracting players of all skill levels. Some platforms offer high-quality experiences, thus consolidating the promising future of the sector.

AtraParkour: An Innovative Proposal to Promote Adherence to Physical Activity in Physical Education

Marc Lloret Parra, Francesc Tomás Castillo, Emilio Puig Lledó — Sun, 31 Aug 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Low adherence to physical activity is one of the major contemporary challenges in both educational and health contexts. To address this issue and promote active lifestyles from an early age, the AtraParkour experience is presented—an alternative sport that merges the playful pursuit of traditional tag with parkour elements and the competitive logic of World Chase Tag. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of its implementation on motivation, enjoyment, and perceived motor competence among secondary school students, in order to assess its potential as a methodological strategy to foster adherence to physical activity in the school setting. The proposal was designed for use in Physical Education classes and recreational contexts, employing accessible materials and mobile structures adaptable to various environments. Its pedagogical foundations, the characteristics of the play area (Parkour Park), general rules, and three main modalities -classic, individual, and numbered- are described. The results revealed high student engagement, improved perception of motor competence, and a high level of enjoyment, all of which are key factors in sustaining physical activity over time. This experience aligns with the principles of meaningful learning, the competency-based approach, and Self-Determination Theory, establishing itself as an effective and inclusive pedagogical tool for promoting physical activity in schools through play, creativity, and intrinsic motivation.

Building an Observational Tool for Analyzing Behavior in Equestrian Jumping

Sun, 31 Aug 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a specific observational tool for analyzing the technical, tactical, and psychological performance of the rider-horse pair in high-performance show jumping competitions. To this end, an Observational Methodology (OM) is used, and an “ad hoc” tool is proposed based on a mixed system of fields and an Exhaustive and Mutually Exclusive (E/ME) Category System composed of 5 criteria and 28 categories. The tool covers strategic, technical, and psychological dimensions and was applied to outstanding pairs in international events on different surfaces and at different competitive moments. The HOISAN and SAGT programs were used to ensure intra- and interobserver reliability, obtaining high coefficients (Pearson ≈ 0.90, Cohen's Kappa ≥ 0.87). The analysis of invariance according to the sex of the rider did not reveal any significant differences (z=0), which supports its general applicability. This tool provides a solid basis for the design of personalized training programs and for the improvement of competitive performance from a comprehensive perspective, taking into account both the horse and the rider.

Student Evaluation of Cooperative Learning in Physical Education

Ángel Luis Durán, Cheyla Jazmín Fais-Peña — Sun, 31 Aug 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The objective was to determine the perception of high school students about cooperative learning in Physical Education. A non-probabilistic sample of 88% of the total (70 out of 80 students) was selected from the Colegio Evangélico Efraín, in the educational district 08-04 of the Dominican Republic. The approach was non-experimental quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional. A Likert-type questionnaire was applied, validated by expert judgment and pilot test, consisting of eight items covering the dimensions of effective communication, support and recognition among group members, and performance improvement through teamwork. A reliability analysis (Cronbach's alpha = 0.777) and a frequency analysis were carried out using tables and graphs in SPSS 23. No significant correlation was found between gender and agreement scale according to Kendall's Tau-b coefficient (Tau-b = 0.020, p = 0.839) or between age and agreement scale (Tau-b = 0.131, p = 0.163). Positive ratings were shown, with the majority of the sample strongly agreeing or agreeing on all items. It is concluded that cooperative learning is a very significant methodology in Physical Education, but further studies are recommended to extend these findings.

Physical Activity as a Promoter of Health among Schoolchildren: Concepts and Applications at NCCB

Sat, 30 Aug 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The objective of the present study was to analyze the applicability of physical activity as a health promoter in the National Common Curricular Base related to Physical Education at school. To this end, we used the systematic review called Methodi Ordinatio, which scales studies according to their impact on the scientific community. 32 studies were listed that confirm the lack of direct applicability of physical activity, making it supporting the thematic axes that make up the curricular component. Thus, it is possible to conclude that physical activity in the school environment continues to be a practice and not knowledge based on the sum of the tacit aspect and its reflections for the construction of a long-term body culture, that is, the culture related to the body that suggests care with the health of students in their later life.

(De) Motivating Teaching Styles: The Circumplex Model Applied to Physical Education

Khaled Omar Mohamad El Tassa — Sat, 30 Aug 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The teaching style adopted by teachers is an important factor that interferes with students' motivation for learning, and Self-Determination Theory (SDT) is one of the most widely used theories in recent decades to analyze motivation in different physical spaces and educational contexts. The general objective of this study is to analyze, based on the STD and the Circumplex Model, the (de)motivating teaching styles of Physical Education teachers in the school context. To this end, a theoretical review on the topic was used as a method to appropriate concepts arising from SDT and the Circumplex Model. The study findings showed a significant number of scientific articles that provide a good level of reliability for each of the four (de)motivating teaching styles of the Circumplex Model. This evidence represents a significant advance in the understanding of the motivating and demotivating styles adopted by teachers in the classroom, by offering an integrated and refined analytical approach. This proposal indicates the need for a more comprehensive and precise look at how different teaching styles interrelate; at the same time, the model allows us to distinguish nuances within each category. To this end, the Circumplex Model uses a descriptive analytical strategy that expands the capacity to interpret teaching practices, contributing to a more complex and situated understanding of the educational phenomenon. The teacher's perception of the teaching styles adopted can influence the way the teacher thinks about his or her professional intervention.

World Cup 2026: Messi's Final Chapter as a Player?

Fabio Contissa — Sat, 30 Aug 2025 00:00:00 -0300

This article explores the possibility that the 2026 World Cup could be Lionel Messi's last. At 39 years old, the Argentine star, who has won everything at the club and international levels, faces a major challenge. Despite his physical changes, he retains unique skills such as vision and precision. His move to the MLS has helped him pace his efforts and maintain his fitness. The article highlights the transformation of the Argentine national team under Lionel Scaloni, who built a team that empowered Messi and led them to several titles, including the 2022 World Cup. Messi's participation in 2026 would be his "last dance" and an opportunity to consolidate his legacy. The article also mentions that this tournament could mark the retirement of other veterans of the "Scaloneta," making way for a new generation of talent.

Cardiac Rehabilitation in Severe Sarcopenia: A Case Study

Sat, 30 Aug 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Introduction: Sarcopenia is a multifactorial and systemic muscle disease characterized by progressive loss of muscle strength and mass, which impacts functionality, increases the risk of frailty, and long-term mortality. Cardiac surgery is known to cause a systemic inflammatory response associated with sarcopenia. Objective: To report and evaluate the efficacy of a cardiac rehabilitation program (Phase 2) in a patient with severe sarcopenia after coronary artery bypass graft surgery at the Cardiac Rehabilitation Service of the University Hospital of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Method: This is a case study of a 63-year-old male patient diagnosed with severe sarcopenia during a cardiac rehabilitation program. The outcomes evaluated were: functional capacity (six-minute walk test), muscle thickness (ultrasound), peripheral muscle endurance (handgrip strength and 1-minute sit-to-stand test), and quality of life (Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire). Results: The patient was enrolled in the program, consisting of aerobic and resistance exercise combined with functional electrical stimulation, performed twice a week for 12 weeks. After completion, there was an improvement in all outcomes, demonstrating the effectiveness of the rehabilitation program. Conclusion: The findings confirm the effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation in patients with severe sarcopenia after cardiac surgery, as well as demonstrating the importance of early screening and intervention for this condition, even in non-elderly patients, in the cardiac rehabilitation setting.

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapies for Obese Adults with Binge Eating Disorder

Naylane Michel Weidle, Fernanda Cerutti — Sat, 30 Aug 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Obesity and Binge Eating Disorder (BED) pose significant public health challenges, affecting a substantial number of adults worldwide. This study is a literature review, with an emphasis on publications from the last ten years, which aimed to analyze the contributions of Cognitive Behavioral Therapies (CBTs) in the treatment of adults with obesity and BED. Three main approaches were explored: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). The review addressed fundamental aspects of obesity and BED, presenting the theoretical foundations of the approaches analyzed and the scientific literature's findings regarding their effectiveness. Evidence indicates that these therapies are successful in reducing binge eating episodes and improving psychological well-being; however, their effectiveness in promoting weight loss simultaneously with BED treatment is less consistent. These findings reinforce the importance of integrated, multidisciplinary interventions to achieve more comprehensive and lasting results.

The Press Representations of the Paris-Madrid Race (1903) and the Social Debates on Automobile Speed

Matteo Arias Diaz — Sat, 30 Aug 2025 00:00:00 -0300

In recent years, the social and human sciences have dedicated greater importance to motorsport and the concept of speed, arguing its relevance for the understanding of several current problematics. As part of this growing interest, motorsport practices have been the subject of various analyses of the social, geographical, legal and cultural transformations resulting from automobile speed. However, these studies tend to neglect the complex process by which the unprecedented speed of automobiles was inserted into societies at the turn of the 19th to 20th century. In order to visualize this question, the Paris-Madrid race of 1903, responsible for fundamental changes in the evolution of motorsport, is a pertinent case study, since this event was at the confluence of several debates that were generated around this vehicle in its early stages. To this end, the aim of this research is to examine the journalistic representations of this race in the sports and non-sports press in the cities of Paris and Madrid. The contradictory press interpretations, in addition to being symptomatic of the social discussions aroused by the automobile speed, highlight the historicity of this phenomenon.

The Teacher's Manual of Physical Education: A Critical Analysis of the Discourse

Giovanni Rafael Romano Valladão — Sat, 30 Aug 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Education present in the textbook "Presente Mais Educação Física: Manual do Professor (3º a 5º ano): ensino fundamental: anos iniciais" through Critical Discourse Analysis (ACD) of Norman Fairclough. This manual is based on the National Common Curriculum Base (BNCC) in its final version, and the study was conducted during the development of my doctoral thesis. ACD provided an essential theoretical-methodological framework to understand the extensive and deep relationship between ideology, hegemony, discourse, official documents and textbooks, considering them historical products loaded with the values of the dominant class. In the Physical Education Teacher's Manual, discourses are identified that seek to impose hegemony in discussions of binary gender, the return of sportivization and the precariousness of teaching work through the pedagogy of scraps. It is concluded that the authors of the textbook Teacher's Manual appropriate political discourse to manipulate, since they do not emphasize critical reflections on reality, society, structures of power and oppression.

Physical Education and LDB: Between Legal Obligation and the Flexibility of School Practice

Larissa Caroline de Oliveira Prado, Ana Paula Franciosi — Sat, 30 Aug 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The Law of Guidelines and Bases of National Education (LDBEN), enacted in 1961, represents a key regulatory framework for the Brazilian educational system, reflecting social, political, and pedagogical transformations. This study analyzes the development of Physical Education in the LDBEN from 1961 to 2024, with emphasis on the consequences and challenges related to the mandatory and optional status of the subject in the school curriculum. Based on documentary analysis, different versions of the LDBEN and related decrees were examined to identify changes in educational policies and their effects on the field. Initially, Physical Education was established as mandatory in primary and secondary education, aiming to promote students’ integral development. During the military regime, the subject assumed functions of social control and workforce preparation. The 1996 LDBEN and subsequent decrees reaffirmed its mandatory nature in basic education and recognized it as a formative right. However, the maintenance of legal provisions allowing its exemption in certain cases, inherited from the 1971 legislation, still raises questions about its adequacy in light of current demands. Although Physical Education is valued as a curricular component that integrates physical, cultural, social, and formative dimensions, barriers persist, such as knowledge fragmentation, precarious teaching conditions, and inadequate school infrastructure. It is concluded that legislative revisions are urgently needed to strengthen the role of Physical Education in the contemporary educational context, as it aims to ensure a broad, inclusive, and coherent education aligned with 21st-century principles.

Relationship between Horizontal and Vertical Jump and 30-Meter Flying Time in Sprinters

Vidal Palacios Calderón, Matheus Souza dos Santos, Ana Carolina Vieira Delfino — Sat, 30 Aug 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Muscular power, assessed through vertical jump tests, is widely considered an indicator of performance during the acceleration phase of sprints. However, there is a lack of research investigating the relationship between horizontal jump performance and time in the 30-meter flying sprint. This study investigated the relationship and predictive influence of horizontal and vertical jump performances on time in the 30-meter flying sprint. Additionally, it aimed to assess the relevance of efficiency coefficients derived from these tests to identify potential performance predictors in the 30-meter flying sprint test. This is an observational, analytical, and cross-sectional study. Eighteen male sprinters (22.8 ± 1.89 years old) performed Counter Movement Jump (CMJ) tests, horizontal jump tests, and the 30-meter flying sprint. The explosive and vertical efficiency coefficients, as well as horizontal jump performance, were significant predictors of time in the 30-meter flying sprint (p < 0.05; R² = 0.721), (p < 0.05; R² = 0.453), (p < 0.05; R² = 0.292), while CMJ height showed no significant relationship (p > 0.05; R² = 0.107). It is concluded that horizontal power and the explosive and vertical efficiency coefficients may have a stronger relationship with sprinters’ performance in the acceleration phase than vertical power. This suggests the importance of training specific capacities to optimize this sprint phase through exercises that prioritize the horizontal component.

Free-Throw Shooting in Basketball: Evaluating the Impact of Opposing Crowd Pressure on Performance and Mood

João Pedro Bernardes de Oliveria, Izabela A. Santos — Sat, 30 Aug 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Introduction: During a basketball game, situations happen that awaken emotions, among these situations is the free throw (FT). Playing away from home, that is, with the opposing crowd acting against, seems to worsen the performance. Objective: To evaluate the external influence (opposing fans) on the performance of FT in young basketball players. Methodology: Twelve basketball players (15.8 ± 0.7 years) participated in the study. The experimental sessions were separated into two different days. On day A, the players responded to the subjective perception of recovery scale, after which they were submitted to 40 FT attempts (4 blocks of 10 repetitions with 20 seconds of rest), finally the BRUMS mood questionnaire was answered, the day B followed all the protocols of day A, but with an opposing crowd uttering negative (standardized) word. Results: Block 3 differed between the two conditions, with no external influence the correct answers were = 8.01 ± 2.23, with influence it was 4.83 ± 2.36 (p = 0.0001), in regarding mood, with the opposing crowd the players felt more tense. Conclusion: The opposing crowd negatively influences the performance of FT, in addition to providing higher levels of tension.

Tailored Training to Improve Quality of Life in Patient with Hyperlax Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome

Daniel Josue Kirby Gomez — Sat, 30 Aug 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Hyperlaxed Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (HDEHS) is a genetic condition characterized by chronic joint instability and pain that requires rehabilitative approaches beyond traditional medicine. This transcomplexity-based study presents an innovative model that integrates adaptive training, biomechanics and nutrigenomics, challenging current paradigms for rare diseases. The ADORE system harmonizes morphofunctional adaptation, neuroeducation and proprioceptive recalibration, seeking to redefine the relationship between tissue fragility and biopsychosocial resilience. Developed in Guayaquil, Ecuador, the protocol demonstrates how the combination of segmental stabilization, non-linear periodization and patient empowerment can overcome the limitations imposed by comorbidities such as osteoporosis and vertebral fractures. The results reveal a paradigm shift: hyperlaxity as a setting for imaging neuromuscular plasticity. This work represents both a scientific breakthrough and an ethical call to health systems to prioritize marginalized conditions, offering hope to invisible populations and establishing itself as a reference in contemporary rehabilitation. The objective of this research is to design an Adapted Training System (ATS) based on principles of Therapeutic Physical Culture (TPC) that optimizes the quality of life and functional autonomy of a patient with Hyperlax Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (HDS) in Guayaquil, Ecuador, considering her physical comorbidities, special needs and bio-psychosocial challenges in the Ecuadorian context.

The Body as a Subject of Knowledge in Physical Education: A Kantian and Phenomenological View

Oscar Andrés Ospina Cifuentes — Sat, 30 Aug 2025 00:00:00 -0300

This article examines the role of the body as a subject of knowledge in the field of physical education, articulating Immanuel Kant’s transcendental epistemology with Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenology. Through a theoretical-reflective approach, it analyzes how these philosophical currents provide foundations for rethinking bodily training beyond traditional mechanistic models. The main objective is to argue that educating the body involves activating its sensitive and subjective dimension, moving beyond purely technical or quantifiable approaches. The method employed is a comparative analysis of key concepts, such as Kant’s a priori forms (space and time) and categories of understanding, together with Merleau-Ponty’s notion of embodied perception and recognition of the body as a perceptive subject. Furthermore, it examines the difference between the formal structure of knowledge proposed by Kant and the existential, situated dimension presented by Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenology, applying both approaches to the field of physical education. Examples drawn from motor contexts-such as perceptual anticipation during a sports play-illustrate how space, time, and embodied perception shape bodily knowledge. The theoretical findings highlight that both Kantian a priori categories and Merleau-Ponty’s perceptual experience allow us to understand human movement as a form of active and situated knowledge. It is concluded that physical education should be understood not merely as a practice for training skills, but also as one that develops the subject’s capacity to know, interpret, and transform their environment through corporeality.

Digital Education in 2025: Mobile Habits and Transformation

Emilio Arrung — Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:05:29 -0300

In 2025, digital education has been consolidated thanks to mobile devices, transforming learning habits. Educational applications and online platforms allow students and professionals to access courses and materials from anywhere, combining flexibility and immediacy. Learning habits include watching video summaries, participating in interactive microcourses, and using gamification. This trend not only benefits individuals but also boosts the digital economy, creating new services and opportunities. Data security and platform transparency are essential to building trust among users. Digital education is expected to continue to grow, integrating advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence and consolidating local and international learning communities.

Digital Twins: From Industry to Everyday Life

Sara Domínguez — Tue, 19 Aug 2025 00:13:50 -0300

Digital twins are virtual replicas of real-life objects or systems, created to simulate their behavior, predict their performance, and optimize processes. Powered by real-time data from sensors and IoT, and supported by 3D modeling and artificial intelligence, they have expanded from heavy industry to sectors such as healthcare, smart cities, and homes. This technology enables predictive maintenance, improved energy efficiency, personalized services, and reduced costs and risks. Although their implementation faces challenges such as data privacy, high initial costs, and the technology gap, they are expected to become even more integrated into everyday life in the future.

Advantages and Risks of Automated Plagiarism Detectors

Shakeel Malik — Wed, 13 Aug 2025 13:20:52 -0300

With the increase in content production, the originality of texts has become a crucial concern. Automated plagiarism detectors have become popular to combat plagiarism. These tools analyze texts and compare them with a database to identify similarities, generating a match report. Their advantages include time savings, the detection of unintentional plagiarism, the promotion of academic honesty, and compatibility with multiple formats. However, they also present risks such as false positives, lack of semantic context, overdependence, and data privacy issues. Therefore, responsible use is recommended, which includes manual review of reports, proper citation of sources, and complementing automated analysis with human judgment. Detectors are a valuable tool, but they should not replace professional judgment.

Latin American Ancestral Games in Physical Education: A Documentary Review with an Intercultural Approach (2014-2024)

Thomas Perez Restrepo — Sun, 10 Aug 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Game has been a recurring object of study in Physical Education (PE) because it has allowed for reflection and connections with other disciplines such as sociology, anthropology, and history, allowing for reflections on the cultural aspects of play and all its leisure, recreational, and playful dimensions. Therefore, considering play as a teaching strategy in PE applied to the classroom is a recurring theme. Therefore, ancestral games take on great value when practicing PE because they not only contribute to the playful and recreational dimensions but can also function as a strategy for the development of skills and abilities. Therefore, this study focused on investigating the Latin American ancestral games documented in the scientific literature between 2014 and 2024, using a qualitative methodology with a documentary design using the PRISMA declaration as a search strategy. It is concluded that there are various ancestral games and sports that have great potential to be applied in PE. However, there is a need for studies that integrate, apply, and promote cultural practices.

Relationship between Glycemic Profile, Pain Intensity and Psychological Factors in Women with Fibromyalgia

Khaled Omar Mohamad El Tassa, Joice Mara Facco Stefanello, Diogo Homann — Sun, 10 Aug 2025 00:00:00 -0300

This is a cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach, with a comparative and correlational design, which aimed to investigate the relationship between psychological and physiological variables in women with fibromyalgia. The study aimed to evaluate the relationship between changes in the glycemic profile, pain intensity, depressive symptoms and mood states, comparing these indicators between women diagnosed with fibromyalgia and healthy women. Pain intensity, pain threshold, mood states and depressive symptoms were evaluated in 28 women diagnosed with fibromyalgia and 17 healthy women. For the group of women with fibromyalgia and changes in the glycemic profile (FMCaltPG), there was a moderate and positive correlation between depressive symptoms and pain intensity. An inverse correlation was also found between glycated hemoglobin concentrations and pain intensity, indicating that these women have more depressive symptoms and with greater intensity, however, they may feel less pain. The proposal aimed to contribute to the understanding of the interaction between emotional and metabolic factors in the experience of chronic pain associated with fibromyalgia.

Combined Physical Exercise and Arterial Stiffness in Hypertensive and Pre-Hypertensive Individuals. A Systematic Review

Sun, 10 Aug 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Arterial stiffness is an important indicator of vascular aging and is associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases and mortality. Several interventions have been proposed to reduce arterial stiffness, especially in hypertensive and prehypertensive individuals. In recent years, combined physical exercise has been investigated for its impact on this marker. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of combined physical exercise on arterial stiffness in hypertensive and prehypertensive individuals. To this end, a systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines, searching the PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, LILACS, and Google Scholar databases. A total of 2,675 articles were identified, of which only three met the eligibility criteria and were included in the analysis. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was the primary measure used to assess arterial stiffness, being present in 66.7% of the studies. The results indicated that in two out of the three studies (66.7%), combined physical exercise was not effective in reducing arterial stiffness in hypertensive and prehypertensive individuals. Therefore, it is concluded that further experimental studies involving combined resistance and aerobic exercise interventions, conducted with greater methodological rigor, are needed to verify whether a significant reduction in arterial stiffness can indeed be achieved in these specific groups.

Judo from the Scientific Paradigm: A Narrative Review

Cristina Rodríguez Rodríguez, Mario Amatria Jiménez, Rubén Maneiro Dios — Sun, 10 Aug 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Introduction: Judo was invented in Japan in 1882 by Master Jigoro Kano. It became an Olympic discipline in 1964 and has been continuously featured in the Olympic Games since then. Currently, over 20 million people practice judo worldwide, with this number increasing each year. Objective: To provide a narrative review of the main scientific works published on judo from a multidisciplinary perspective. Materials and Methods: The studies from 2010 to 2025 have been selected, gathering the most contemporary research that can be useful for optimizing training and performance. Results and Discussion: Judo has experienced significant growth in both practice and scientific study over the last 15 years. Regarding injuries, although some studies highlight a low incidence, others warn of a high frequency. From a psychological perspective, variables such as anxiety, motivation, self-esteem, and mental resilience are emphasized, both in professional and school populations. In physiology, parameters such as heart rate, blood lactate, and body composition are analyzed, highlighting the metabolic demands of judo. Finally, studies on sports training reveal the effectiveness of HIIT, hypoxic training, and judo-specific tests. Conclusions: Scientific knowledge of judo has significantly developed since 2010. It is evident that the research output of the last 15 years has expanded the theoretical framework of this discipline, facilitating the application of scientifically backed recommendations to optimize both training and competition.

Adapted Training Program in a Young Person with Prader-Willi Syndrome. Case Study

Daniel Josué Kirby Gomez — Sun, 10 Aug 2025 00:00:00 -0300

The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an adapted training program in a 14-year-old boy with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS), focusing on improving his physical fitness, metabolic control and quality of life. The methodology adopted a quantitative approach, using a single-case design with pre- and post-intervention measurements over 24 weeks. Standardized techniques were implemented to evaluate physical, anthropometric, metabolic and emotional variables, ensuring a systematic and objective analysis of the results. The findings showed significant improvements in multiple dimensions. In physical terms, increases in muscle strength, postural stability and functional autonomy were observed, facilitating the performance of daily activities. Regarding metabolic parameters, a notable reduction in body mass index, fasting glucose and cholesterol levels was achieved, highlighting the effectiveness of the nutritional and educational component. In addition, the emotional and social dimensions showed considerable progress, reflected in a greater perception of well-being and personal autonomy. The system adapted training program is a comprehensive and effective intervention to address the limitations associated with PWS. Although the limitations of a single case study restrict the generalizability of the results, this work highlights the feasibility of customized programs in local contexts, promoting the inclusion and well-being of individuals with PWS. The main objective of the research was to evaluate the effectiveness of an adapted training program in a young man with Prader-Willi syndrome, considering functional, motor and quality of life variables.

Correlation between Maximal Strength, Relative Strength, and Vertical Jump Metrics in Sprinters

Sun, 10 Aug 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Lower-limb muscular power is assessed through the Countermovement Jump (CMJ) and Squat Jump (SJ) tests. Although muscular power depends on maximal strength (Fmáx), the relationship between relative strength (FR) and vertical jump (VJ) metrics remains underexplored in intermediate-level sprinters. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between maximal strength (Fmax), relative strength (RS), and vertical jump (VJ) metrics, as well as to compare performance in the Squat Jump (SJ) and Counter Movement Jump (CMJ) tests in 16 male sprinters (age: 22.8±1.77 years; height: 176±6.05 cm; body mass: 69.7±6.83 kg; training experience: 5±3 years), with an average 100-meter time of 11.3±0.34 seconds. Participants performed CMJ and SJ on a contact mat, and Fmáx was assessed through the one-repetition maximum (1RM) squat test. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS software (version 25.0) and Jamovi (version 2.3.38), adopting a significance level of 5%. A strong and statistically significant correlation was found between FR and the heights of both the CMJ (r=0.65; p<0.05) and the SJ (r=0.76; p<0.05), as well as a moderate and statistically significant correlation between Fmáx and the SJ height (r=0.54; p<0.05). Therefore, it is concluded that increasing FR is essential for improving VJ height and should be monitored throughout the different phases of the annual training cycle.

Big Waves: Surfing, Adrenaline and Danger on the High Seas

Luiz Carlos Marinovic Doro — Sun, 10 Aug 2025 00:00:00 -0300

A great day of surfing is made possible by good waves. The bigger and more perfect they are, the more likely they are to bring extreme satisfaction to those present in the sea. However, when they become too large, due to the arrival of large swells, they can lead to accidents and setbacks for unprepared surfers who cross their path. Thus, descending a “ramp” of moving water, approximately 20 meters high, on a surfboard can be a moment of pure adrenaline and happiness, but also, if you are unable to stay upright, can cause great inconvenience to unsuspecting surfers.

Learn English and enjoy Sports with Italki

Diana Gujer — Sun, 10 Aug 2025 00:00:00 -0300

Italki has established itself as a leading platform for personalized language learning, surpassing traditional and impersonal methods. The key to its success lies in the flexibility to adapt classes to each student's interests, such as sports. Combining your passion for sports with learning English makes the experience more engaging and effective. By discussing topics you are passionate about, such as your favorite team or the jargon of your discipline, learning becomes more natural and enjoyable. Although there are no specific filters to search for teachers by sports topic, you can use keywords or read biographies to find the ideal tutor. A sports-focused class is not just a casual conversation, but also an opportunity to develop key skills such as vocabulary, fluency, and comprehension through debates, analysis, and role-playing. Ultimately, this personalized approach increases motivation and accelerates results, transforming learning into an entertaining and useful experience.