Apoptose de linfócitos e estresse oxidativo após competição de curta duração de voleibol de praia em atletas de elite
Resumo
O exercício contínuo, extenuante e prolongado tem um impacto bem documentado no sistema imunológico. Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar se o voleibol de praia pode causar apoptose de linfócitos e concomitante aumento do estresse oxidativo. Células leucocitárias apoptóticas com anticorpos anti-anexina V marcados com FITC e detecção de iodeto de propídio nuclear, disponibilidade de peróxido de hidrogênio (H₂O₂) por meio da oxidação do diacetato de 2',7'-diclorofluorescina e concentração total de antioxidantes pelo ferro foram avaliados ensaios de redução do poder antioxidante, antes e após um torneio curto de vôlei de praia com 20 atletas de elite. A mediana e o intervalo interquartil de H₂O₂ em unidades arbitrárias aumentaram de 2.886 antes da competição para 10.402 após a competição para p grupo feminino, e de 2.711 para 11.154, no grupo masculino. A percentagem de células positivas para apoptose aumentou de 0,7 para 3,9 no grupo das mulheres e de 0,7 para 4,0 no grupo dos homens. A concentração total de antioxidantes não se alterou, enquanto o colesterol HDL aumentou em ambos os grupos ao final da competição. A apoptose concomitante e o aumento da produção de H₂O₂ nos linfócitos sugerem apoptose mediada por estresse oxidativo. A defesa antioxidante não é ativada imediatamente para restaurar o equilíbrio redox das células imunológicas, enquanto a melhora do perfil lipídico sugere proteção antioxidante para os vasos sanguíneos.
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