Efectos del entrenamiento pliométrico combinado con sprints repetidos sobre el rendimiento en jugadoras de balonmano
Resumen
El balonmano se caracteriza por esfuerzos de alta intensidad, y los sprints y saltos son fundamentales para el rendimiento durante el juego; sin embargo, se sabe poco acerca de la efectividad del entrenamiento pliométrico combinado con sprints repetidos para mejorar el rendimiento aeróbico y anaeróbico en jugadoras de balonmano. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue verificar si el entrenamiento pliométrico combinado con sprints repetidos mejoraría el rendimiento aeróbico y anaeróbico en atletas de balonmano después de la pretemporada. Se seleccionaron 12 jugadoras Sub-20 (edad media 18,4 años), y las variables evaluadas incluyeron características antropométricas, composición corporal, pruebas de salto (vertical y horizontal), condición aeróbica (Yo-Yo test, nivel 1) y rendimiento anaeróbico (Test T de agilidad y test de velocidad anaeróbica de carrera) antes y después de la intervención (8 semanas) durante la pretemporada. El entrenamiento se realizó tres veces por semana utilizando ejercicios pliométricos (dos veces por semana) combinados con sprints repetidos (una vez por semana). Los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas (p≤0,05) e inferencia cualitativa positiva para todas las variables analizadas entre los momentos (altura y distancia del salto, agilidad, resistencia aeróbica y anaeróbica), excepto para salto con contramovimiento (CMJ) e índice de fatiga. Los resultados de este estudio revelaron que el entrenamiento pliométrico combinado con sprints repetidos puede mejorar significativamente el rendimiento aeróbico y anaeróbico en jugadoras de balonmano.
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