Respostas neuromusculares pelo tempo de contato e índice de força reativa em alturas de queda
Resumo
Diversos estudos têm investigado variáveis neuromusculares, como o tempo de contato com o solo e o índice de força reativa (IFR), durante a execução do drop jump (DJ). No entanto, análises detalhadas em nível individual, bem como comparações do tempo de contato entre o drop jump e o depth jump (DeJ), ainda são escassas na literatura. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi comparar as respostas neuromusculares por meio do tempo de contato com o solo e do índice de força reativa em diferentes alturas de queda. Trata-se de um estudo de caso único, observacional analítico, com delineamento transversal, realizado com uma velocista dos 100 m rasos. Foram realizados saltos do tipo DJ e DeJ a partir de alturas de 40, 60 e 70 cm, utilizando-se um tapete de contato. Os resultados indicaram correlação negativa muito forte e estatisticamente significativa entre o tempo de contato com o solo e o índice de força reativa na altura de 60 cm. Além disso, foi identificada diferença estatisticamente significativa entre DJ e DeJ apenas na altura de 60 cm. Conclui-se que a altura de 60 cm evidenciou os indicadores mais expressivos de desempenho reativo, caracterizados pela associação entre menores tempos de contato com o solo e maiores valores de IFR, além da diferença significativa entre DJ e DeJ. Na atleta avaliada, a altura de queda influenciou o comportamento do tempo de contato com o solo no DJ e do IFR, mas não o tempo de contato com o solo no DeJ.
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