Motivational Aspects in CrossFit Training
Abstract
The benefits of the regular practice of physical activity on health as well as the adverse effects associated with sedentarism are already well known. However, the motivational aspects that influence the practice of Crossfit are not well understood. The present study aimed, through a narrative review, to investigate which aspects influence the adherence and maintenance in CrossFit, considering age group and training frequency. A qualitative narrative review was carried out using the Scopus and Web of Science databases. Nineteen articles were included, published in the English language, considering the publication period limited between the years 2000 to 2020. The results demonstrate that younger age people are more influenced by factors such as: affiliation, social recognition and competition, while older adults are more motivated by health and body-related reasons such as weight control and appearance. Moreover, a higher training frequency was associated with higher rates of intrinsic factors, while a lower training frequency was related to extrinsic aspects. Therefore, intrinsic factors associated with motivation can lead to greater attendance in Crossfit training.
References
Biddle, S., Wang, C.K.J., Kavussanu, M., e Spray, C. (2003). Correlates of Achievement Goal Orientations in Physical Activity: A Systematic Review of Research. European Journal of Sport Science, 3(5), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461390300073504
Box, A.G., Feito, Y., Brown, C., Heinrich, K.M., e Petruzzello, S.J. (2019). High Intensity Functional Training (HIFT) and competitions: How motives differ by length of participation. Plos One, 14(3), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213812
Box, A.G., Feito, Y., Brown, C., Matson, A., Heinrich, K.M., e Petruzzello, S.J. (2019). Is age just a number? Differences in exercise participatory motives across adult cohorts and the relationships with exercise behavior. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 19(1), 61-73. https://doi.org/10.1080/1612197X.2019.1611903
Crossfit (2020). Guia de Treinamento de Nível 1. CrossFit Journal. http://library.crossfit.com/free/pdf/CFJ_L1_TG_Portuguese.pdf
CrossFit.com About affiliation. https://www.crossfit.com/affiliate
Deci, E.L., e Ryan, R.M. (2008a). Facilitating Optimal Motivation and Psychological Well-being Across Life’s Domains. Canadian Psychological Association, 49(3), 182-185. https://doi.org/10.1037/0708-5591.49.1.14
Deci, E.L, e Ryan, R.M. (2008b). Self-Determination Theory: A Macro theory of Human Motivation, Development, and Health. Canadian Psychological Association, 49(3), 182-185. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0012801
Deci, E.L., Ryan, R.M. (1985). Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior. Plenum Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2271-7
Dominski, F.H., Matias, T.S., Serafim, T.T., e Feito, Y. (2020). Motivation to CrossFit training: a narrative review. Sport Sciences for Health, 16, 195-206. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-020-00619-5
Dominski, F.H., Serafim, T.T., Siqueira, T.C., e Andrade, A. (2021). Psychological variables of CrossFit participants: a systematic review. Sport Sciences for Health, 17, 21-41. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-020-00685-9
Feito, Y., Brown, C., Box, A., Heinrich, K.M., e Petruzello, S.J. (2018). An Investigation Into How Motivational Factors Differed Among Individuals Engaging in CrossFit Training. Sage Open, 8(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244018803139
Fisher, J., Sales, A., Carlson, L., e Steele, J. (2016). A comparison of the motivational factors between CrossFit participants and other resistance exercise modalities: A pilot study. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 57(9), 1227-1234. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0022-4707.16.06434-3
Gil, A.C. (2002). Como elaborar projetos de pesquisa (4ª ed.). Editora Atlas.
Glassman, G. (2007). Understanding CrossFit. CrossFit Journal Article Repint, 56. http://library.crossfit.com/free/pdf/CFJ_56-07_Understanding.pdf
Guthold, R., Stevens, G.A., Riley, L.M., e Bull, F.C. (2018). Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1•9 million participants. The Lancet Global Health, 6, 1077-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7
Heinrich, K.M., Patel, P.M., O’Neal, J.L., Heinrich, B.S. (2014). High-intensity compared to moderate-intensity training for exercise initiation, enjoyment, adherence, and intentions: an intervention study. BMC Public Health, 14(789), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-789
Jacob, N., Novaes, J.S., Behm, D.G., Vieira, J.G., Dias, M.R., e Vianna, J.M. (2020) Characterization of Hormonal, Metabolic, and Inflammatory Responses in CrossFit® Training: A Systematic Review. Front. Physiol., 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.01001
Koseki, J.N., e Peserico, C.S. (2022). Carga interna y fuentes y síntomas de estrés durante el entrenamiento en atletas de CrossFit®: Un estudio piloto. Lecturas: Educación Física y Deportes, 26(286), 21-34. https://doi.org/10.46642/efd.v26i286.3063
Maslow, A.H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370-396. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0054346
Meier, N., Schlie, J., e Schmidt, A. (2023). Physiological effects of regular CrossFit® training and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic - A systematic review. Front. Physiol., 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2023.1146718
Moscatelli, F., Messina, G., Polito, R., Porro, C., Monda, V., Monda, M., Scarinci, A., Dipace, A., Cibelli, G., Messina, A., e Valenzano, A. (2023). Aerobic and Anaerobic Effect of CrossFit Training: A Narrative Review. Sport Mont, 21(1), 123-128. https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.230220
Organização Mundial da Saúde (2018). OMS lança plano de ação global sobre atividade física para reduzir comportamento sedentário e promover a saúde. OPAS. https://www.paho.org
Partridge, J.A., Knapp, B.A., e Massengale, B.D. (2014). An Investigation of Motivational Variables in CrossFit Facilities. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 28(6), 1714-1721. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000288
Quintero Rondón, A. de los A., e Tomedes Parada, J. B. (2018). Fases cinemáticas de la modalidad del snatch en el CrossFit. Lecturas: Educación Física y Deportes, 23(247), 94-106. https://www.efdeportes.com/efdeportes/index.php/EFDeportes/article/view/830
Ryan, R.M., e Deci, E.L. (2000). Self-Determination Theory and the Facilitation of Intrinsic Motivation, Social Development, and Well-Being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68-78. https://doi.org/10.1037110003-066X.55.1.68
Rother, E.T. (2007). Editorial: Revisão Sistemática x Revisão Narrativa. Acta Paulista de Enfermagem, 20(2). https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-21002007000200001
Samulski, D. (2009). Psicologia do Esporte: conceitos e novas perspectivas. Editora Manole.
Silva Guerro, P.R., e Fachineto, S. (2016). Efectos de un programa de entrenamiento crossfit sobre la composición corporal, fuerza muscular y la frecuencia cardiaca en adultos jóvenes entrenados. Lecturas: Educación Física y Deportes, 20(213). https://www.efdeportes.com/efd213/efeitos-de-um-programa-de-treinamento-crossfit.htm
Thomas, J. R., Nelson, J., e Silverman, S. (2013). Métodos de pesquisa em atividade física. (6ª ed.). Artmed Editora.
Author Biographies
http://lattes.cnpq.br/6850674699792486
http://lattes.cnpq.br/8805974207376479
http://lattes.cnpq.br/8048130884789510
http://lattes.cnpq.br/2761545400508667
http://lattes.cnpq.br/1031682265403276
http://lattes.cnpq.br/6229383176923461
Copyright (c) 2024 Lecturas: Educación Física y Deportes
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
