Assessment of the Effects of the Schroth Method in Individuals with Idiopathic Scoliosis. A Systematic Review

Abstract

Introduction: Scoliosis is a spinal deformity characterized by lateral deviation in an "S" shape. It can manifest in various regions of the vertebral column, with a higher incidence observed in the thoracic and lumbar regions. Scoliosis encompasses several distinct etiological categories, including congenital, neuromuscular, degenerative, and idiopathic forms. Objective: This study aims to investigate the impact of the Schroth method on the degree of spinal curvature in individuals diagnosed with idiopathic scoliosis. Methodology: This research comprises a systematic review conducted via comprehensive searches in the PubMed, BVS, and PEDro databases from February to May 2023. The search strategy incorporated the keywords "idiopathic scoliosis" and "exercise," employing Boolean operators to combine search terms. The inclusion criteria encompassed randomized clinical trials involving individuals aged 12 to 17 years with idiopathic scoliosis who received therapeutic intervention utilizing the Schroth method. The primary outcome measure focused on the amelioration of spinal curvature. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Risk of Bias tool. Results: Four clinical trials met the inclusion criteria, with methodological risk assessment yielding three articles categorized as low risk and one article classified as moderate risk. The collective sample size across these trials averaged 185 participants who underwent treatment with the Schroth method. Conclusions: The Schroth Method represents an efficacious treatment modality, particularly when employed in conjunction with other therapeutic modalities, such as orthotic vests or three-dimensionais approaches. The existing evidence substantiates its effectiveness in mitigating the progression of idiopathic scoliosis.