Psychological Distress in Physical Education Undergraduates During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Impacts and Necessary Care
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the symptoms of anxiety and depression in undergraduate physical education (PE) students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional field research was conducted and 163 PE undergraduate students participated in the research, who voluntarily completed the HADS and IDATE questionnaires to identify anxiety and depression and IPAQ for physical activity level; they also answered questions about their social and personal condition and the progress of graduation. Results: The main results showed that the students had high symptoms of anxiety and depression. More than half of the students had an average trait and state anxiety rating. More than 50% of students were classified as active during the pandemic. Conclusion: It is concluded that students had high symptoms of anxiety and depression during the pandemic and regular physical activity was not enough to reduce symptoms of psychological distress.
References
Ahmed, MA, Jouhar, R., Ahmed, N., Adnan, S., Aftab, M., Zafar, MS, e Khurshid, Z. (2020). Fear and practice modifications among dentists to combat novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 17(8), 2821. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082821
Aparecido da Silva, R., Leite Rocco, PG, Stelmach, R., Mara SOL, Sato, MN., Cukier, e Carvalho, CRF (2022). Constant-Load exercise versus high-intensity interval training on aerobic fitness in moderate-to-severe asthma: a randomized controlled trial. J Allerg and Clin Immunol in Pract., 10(10), 2596-604. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2022.05.023
Arango-Dávila, C.A., e Rincón-Hoyos, H.G. (2018). Trastorno depresivo, trastorno de ansiedad y dolor crónico: múltiples manifestaciones de un núcleo fisiopatológico y clínico común. Rev Colomb Psiquiat., 47(1), 46-55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rcp.2016.10.007
Barranco-Cuevas, I.A., Flores-Raya, D., González-López, A.M., Reyes-Bello, J., Vázquez-Cruz, E., e García-Galicia, A. (2021). Síntomas de depresión, ansiedad y estresante COVID-19 en una unidad de medicina familiar. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc., 59(4), 274-80. http://revistamedica.imss.gob.mx/editorial/index.php/revista_medica/article/view/3956
Bertucci, L.M. (2009). GRIPE A, uma nova "espanhola"? Rev Assoc Med Bras, 55(3), 230-1. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-42302009000300001
Biaggio, A.M.B., e Natalício, L. (1979). Manual para o Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado (IDATE). Centro Editor de Psicologia Aplicada-CEPA.
Bicalho, C.C.F., Melo, G.F., Reis, C.P., Silva, A.A., e Noce, F.(2022). Avaliação da resiliência psicológica em atletas do basquetebol brasileiro. Rev Bras de Psic Esp, 1, 18-33. https://doi.org/10.31501/rbpe.v12i1.13537
Cevada, T., Cerqueira, L.S., Moraes, H.S., Santos, T.M., Pompeu, F.A.M.S., e Deslandes, C.C. (2012). Relação entre esporte, resiliência, qualidade de vida e ansiedade. Rev Psiq Clín., 39(3), 85-89. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-60832012000300003
Cilek, L., Chowell, G., e Fariñas, D.R. (2018). Age-Specific Excess Mortality Patterns During the 1918-1920 Influenza Pandemic in Madrid, Spain. Am J Epidemiol., 187(12), 2511-2523. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwy171
Costa, N.N.G., ServoI, M.L.S., e Figueredo, W.N. (2022). COVID-19 and the occupational stress experienced by health professionals in the hospital context: integrative review. Rev Bras Enferm., 75(Suppl 1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0859.
Dieese (2023, 14 de maio). A pandemia do coronavírus e a anemia da economia brasileira. https://www.dieese.org.br/notatecnica/2020/notaTec223pacoteCoronavirus.pdf
Freitas, P.H.B., Meireiles, A.L., Ribeiro, I.K.S., Abreu, M.N.S., Paula, W., e Cardoso, C.S. (2023). Síntomas de depresión, ansiedad y estrés en estudiantes del área de la salud e impacto en la calidad de vida. Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem., 31, e3884. https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.6315.3884
Goulart, A.C. (2005). Revisitando a espanhola: a gripe pandêmica de 1918 no Rio de Janeiro. História, Ciências, Saúde-Manguinhos, 12(1), 101-42. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-59702005000100006
Grennan, D. (2019). What Is a Pandemic? The terms endemic, outbreak, epidemic, and pandemic indicate how common a condition is at a point in time relative to how common it was at an earlier time. JAMA, 321(9), 910. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2019.0700
Hariri, N., Bawahab, N., Banoon, E., Alshamat, R., Almadani, N., e AlQashqri, H. (2023). Prevalence of Depression and Anxiety Disorders Among Surgical Doctors in Public Hospitals in Makkah City, Saudi Arabia: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus, 15(1), e33225. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.33225
Kilbourne, E.D. (2006). Influenza Pandemics of the 20th Century. Emerg Infect Dis., 12(1), 9-14. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1201.051254
Khurshid, Z., Asiri, F.Y.I., e AlWadaani, H. (2020). Human Saliva: Non-Invasive Fluid for Detecting Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV). Int J Environ Res Public Health, 17(7), 2225. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072225
Lantyer, A.S., Varanda, C.C., Souza, F.G., Padovani, R.C., e Viana, M.B. (2016). Ansiedade e qualidade de vida entre estudantes universitários ingressantes: avaliação e intervenção. Rev Bras Ter Com e Cogn., 18(2), 4-19. https://doi.org/10.31505/rbtcc.v18i2.880
Leal, P.C., Goes, T.C., Silva, L.C.F., e Teixeira-Silva, F. (2017). Trait vs. state anxiety in different threatening situations. Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 39(3), 147-157. https://doi.org/10.1590/2237-6089-2016-0044
Maciel-Lima, S., Rasia, J.M., Bagatelli, R.C., Gontarski, G., e Colares, M.J.D. (2015). A repercussão da gripe A (H1N1) nos jornais paranaenses. História, Ciências, Saúde-Manguinhos, 22(1), 273-291. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-59702015000100016
Marcato, M.B. (2023, 14 de maio). Desafios para a economia brasileira diante da pandemia. https://www.fes-brasil.org/detalhe/desafios-para-a-economia-brasileira-diante-da-pandemia/
Marcolino, J.A.M., Mathias, L.A.T., Filho, L.P., Guaratini, A.A., Suzuki, F.M., e Alli, L.A. (2007). Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale: a study on the validation of the criteria and reliability on preoperative patients. Rev Bras Anest., 57(1), 52-62. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0034-70942007000100006
Marcus, M., Yasamy, M.T., Van Ommeren, M., Chisholm, D, e Saxena, S. (2023, 14 de maio). Depression. A Global Public Health Concern. World Health Organization.
Matsudo, S., Araújo, T., Matsudo, V., Andrade, D., Oliveira, L.C., e Braggion, G. (2001). Questionário internacional de atividade física (IPAQ): estudo de validade e reprodutibilidade no Brasil. Ativ Fís e Saúde, 6(2), 5-18. https://doi.org/10.12820/rbafs.v.6n2p5-18
Mc Dowell, CP, Carlin, A., Capranica, L., Dillon, C., Harrington, JM, Lakerveld, J., Loyen, A., Ling, FCM, Brug, J., MacDonncha, C., e Herring, MP (2018). Associations of self-reported physical activity and depression in 10,000 Irish adults across harmonised datasets: a DEDIPAC-study. BMC Public Health, 20, 365. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-08481-3
Ministério da Saúde (2023, 05 de maio). Painel Coronavírus. https://covid.saude.gov.br/
Mota, J.A. (2019). Utilização do Google Forms na pesquisa acadêmica. Revista Humanidades e Inovação, 6(12), 371-380. https://revista.unitins.br/index.php/humanidadeseinovacao/article/view/1106
Phillips, C. (2017). Physical activity modulates common neuroplasticity substrates in major depressive and bipolar disorder. Neural Plasticity, 7014146. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/7014146
Ritsner, M., Modai, I., e Ponizovsky, A. (2002). Assessing psychological distress in psychiatric patients: Validation of the Talbieh Brief Distress Inventory. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 43(3), 229-234. https://doi.org/10.1053/comp.2002.30800
Silva, R.A. da (2022). Physical Activity Regulates the Symptoms of Psychological Distress in Graduates During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Lecturas: Educación Física y Deportes, 27(290), 18-33. https://doi.org/10.46642/efd.v27i290.3338
Santos, M.D.L., e Galdeano, L.E. (2009). Traço e estado de ansiedade de estudantes de enfermagem na realização de uma prova prática. Revista Mineira de Enfermagem, 13(1), 76-83. https://www.reme.org.br/artigo/detalhes/165
Schoch-Spana, M., Bouri, N., Rambhia, K.J., e Norwood, A. (2010). Stigma, health disparities, and the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic: how to protect Latino farmworkers in future health emergencies. Biosecurity and Bioterrorism: Biodefense Strategy, Practice, and Science, 8(3), 243-254. https://doi.org/10.1089/bsp.2010.0021
Souza, C.E.A., Araújo, G.B., Biarria, G. de C., Duarte, T.C., Silva, E.D., Belota, L.H.A., Araújo, PC, Cabral, EG, Ferreira, AVB, e Nascimento, MLF (2022). Incidence of depression in young people during social isolation. Research, Society and Development, 11(10), e303111032448. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i10.32448
Spielberger, C.D., Gorsuch, R.L., e Lushene, R.E. (1970). Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Consulting Psychologist Press.
Tognotti, E. (2013). Lessons from the History of Quarantine, from Plague to Influenza A. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19(2), 254-259. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1902.120312
Vage, V., Solhaug, J.H., Viste, A., Bergsholm, P., e Wahl, A.K. (2003). Anxiety, depression and health related quality of life after jejunoileal bypass: a 25 years follow-up study of 20 female patients. Obesity Surgery, 13(5), 706-713. https://doi.org/10.1381/096089203322509264
Vergara K.M.A., Cárdenas S.D., e Martínez F.G. (2014). Síntomas de depresión y ansiedad en jóvenes universitarios: prevalencia y factores relacionados. Rev Clín Med Fam., 7(1), 14-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4321/S1699-695X2014000100003
Varela, A., Pereira, A., Pereira, A., e Santos, J.C. (2017). Distress psicológico: contributos para a adaptação portuguesa do SQ-48. Psicologia, Saúde & Doenças, 18(2), 278-286. http://dx.doi.org/10.15309/17psd180201
Wang, C., Horby, P.W., Hayden, F.G., e Gal, G.F. (2020a). A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern. The Lancet, 6736, 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30185-9
Wang, C., Pan, R., Wan, X., Tan, Y., Xu, L., Ho, CS, e Ho, RC (2020b). Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China. International Journal of Enviromental Research and Public Health, 17(5) 1-25. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051729
World Health Organization (WHO) (2023a, 07 maio). WHO Timeline - COVID-19. https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/27-04-2020-who-timeline---Covid-19
World Health Organization (WHO) (2023b, 07 maio). Mental health and psychosocial considerations during the COVID-19 outbreak. https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/mental-health-considerations.pdf
World Health Organization (WHO) (2023c, 07 maio). Physical activity. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/physical-activity
Zigmond, A.S., e Snaith, R.P. (1983). The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand, 67(6):361-70. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x
Author Biography
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0755574213150645
Copyright (c) 2023 Lecturas: Educación Física y Deportes
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.