Historical Evolution of Women's Sport: From Classical Greece to the Contemporary Age

Abstract

The present review seeks to depict the historical evolution of women in sports over the years, spanning periods from Classical Greece to the Contemporary Age, highlighting Ancient Rome, the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, and the Modern Age. Throughout these eras, the role of women and their opportunities for engaging in sports have varied, although an inequality with respect to men has always prevailed, as seen in other facets of society. This occurred in a socio-cultural environment where women were traditionally perceived as responsible for household chores and childcare. Following a challenging, slow, and lengthy process advocating for their rights, more intensively in the last century, progress has been witnessed; there has been an evolution in the role of women as athletes. Particularly in recent times, the number of men and women participating in the Olympic Games has become more balanced. There still exists gender segregation, as both genders do not participate together in certain events or competitions, though that is a separate debate. Nevertheless, despite the advancements, there are still aspects in sports that reinforce stereotypes and sexism. However, at a general level, fair equity can be observed in contemporary sports in many disciplines.