Efectos del ejercicio de resistencia en personas hipertensas: una revisión integradora
Resumen
El envejecimiento es un proceso natural e inevitable, caracterizado por transformaciones fisiológicas que afectan progresivamente al organismo humano. En esta etapa de la vida, la atención sanitaria debe abarcar todas sus dimensiones -física, psicológica y social-, especialmente debido a la aparición de enfermedades crónicas, como la hipertensión. Esta afección sobrecarga el músculo cardíaco y exige un mayor esfuerzo circulatorio, lo que puede desencadenar complicaciones cardiovasculares. En este contexto, el ejercicio de resistencia atenúa los marcadores biológicos propios de la enfermedad, contribuyendo a su prevención y ayudando al control de la presión arterial en reposo. Por lo tanto, este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar los efectos del ejercicio de resistencia en la salud de personas mayores con hipertensión, mediante una revisión bibliográfica integrativa, realizada sistemáticamente según las directrices PRISMA 2020 y estructurada según el modelo PICOS. La investigación recopiló evidencia de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, que demostraron los efectos agudos y crónicos de este entrenamiento en el control de la presión arterial, reforzando los beneficios para la salud de la población mayor.
Citas
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Derechos de autor 2025 Lecturas: Educación Física y Deportes
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