Benefício do exercício físico em pacientes com fibromialgia. Uma revisão integrativa
Resumo
A fibromialgia (FM) é caracterizada por dor difusa e sensibilidade das articulações, músculos e tendões que não possui cura. Dessa forma intervenções são necessárias para auxiliar na melhora dos sintomas que afetam esses pacientes e possibilitar uma melhor qualidade de vida. Dentre as intervenções, encontram-se as terapias alternativas, enquadrando-se entre essas os exercícios físicos. Com isso, este trabalho teve por objetivo apresentar as formas pelas quais o exercício físico pode ser útil ao paciente fibromiálgico, sobretudo no que tange a melhora na qualidade de vida e, consequentemente, dos seus sintomas, por meio de uma revisão da literatura. Para tal objetivo, uma revisão de literatura integrativa, que contou com a busca nas bases de dados SciElo, Web of Science e Medline em um recorte tempo de 2018 até 2022, com o auxílio dos descritores Fibromyalgia e Physical activity. Após leitura de título, resumo e texto completo, 46 trabalhos foram incluídos. Desses, 29 trabalhos apontaram as intervenções com atividades aeróbicas como método indicado para melhora de sintomas e 16 trataram das atividades anaeróbicas como intervenção, além de uma produção que abordou as duas vias metabólicas. Diante disso, pode-se concluir que o exercício físico bem orientado e planejado, buscando associar o treinamento aeróbico com o treinamento anaeróbico, levando em consideração as individualidades do paciente em relação a FM, apresentam-se como ótimas aliadas na redução de sintomas relacionados a fibromialgia.
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