La Teoría de Inteligencias Múltiples de Howard Gardner: implicaciones educativas en el aprendizaje y enseñanza

Rogger Mauricio Silva Herrera; Gina del Rosario Tejada Fuentes; Katy Maribel Chiluisa Pallo

doi:10.46642/efd.v30i329.8370

Rogger Mauricio Silva Herrera Ministerio de Educación https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0202-0929
Gina del Rosario Tejada Fuentes Ministerio de Educación https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1195-6651
Katy Maribel Chiluisa Pallo Ministerio de Educación https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9233-5333

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46642/efd.v30i329.8370

Abstract

This literature review article explores the Theory of Multiple Intelligences proposed by Howard Gardner, which suggests that intelligence is not a single, general ability, but rather a set of distinct cognitive skills. Gardner initially identified seven types of intelligence: linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, and intrapersonal, later adding naturalistic intelligence. This perspective has had a significant impact on the field of education, as it offers a broader view of human potential and challenges traditional teaching models focused solely on conventional academic abilities. The objective of this article is to analyze how this theory has been applied in educational contexts, what benefits have been reported, and what its main criticisms are. The review of various sources reveals that many educators have adopted this approach to design more inclusive pedagogical strategies that cater to individual learning styles, thereby promoting a more equitable and participatory education. However, the limitations of the theory are also discussed, including the lack of conclusive empirical evidence supporting the existence of independent intelligences in a neurological sense. Despite this, the theory of multiple intelligences remains an important reference point for curriculum design and educational innovation, as it emphasizes the value of recognizing and nurturing the diversity of student abilities in the classroom.

Keywords: Learning, Education, Multiple Intelligences

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