Analyze of Sleepiness Level and Sleep Quality for Swimmers and Dropouts
Study During the COVID-19 Pandemic at a Gym
Abstract
Continuing with the usual practice of physical activity, such as swimming, may represent a valid strategy to maintain the quality of sleep in these active individuals. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to compare the level of drowsiness and sleep in swimmers and non-swimmers in times of COVID-19. The sample consisted of 22 adults, aged between 31 and 45 years, being separated into swimming practitioners group (n=12) and dropout group (n=10). The results indicate that swimming subjects, during the COVID-19 pandemic, have lower levels of sleepiness (6.44±2.35 scores) and better sleep (4.44±0.75 scores) when compared to dropout subjects (11±2.31 scores; 9.22±2.05 scores). In relation to the percentage, there is a difference in the levels of 41% in sleepiness and 51% in sleep of practitioners, when compared with dropouts. It is concluded that swimmers who remained active during the pandemic have better levels of sleep and drowsiness than dropouts.
References
Ambrósio, P., e Geib, L.T.C. (2008). Sonolência excessiva diurna em condutores de ambulância da macrorregião Norte do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Epidemiol Serv Saude, 17(1), 21-31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5123/S1679-49742008000100003
Araújo, M.F.M., Freitas, R.W.J.F., Lima, A.C.S., Pereira, D.C.R., Zanetti, M.L., e Damasceno, M.M.C. (2014). Indicadores de saúde associados com a má qualidade do sono de universitários. Rev Esc Enferm USP, 48(6), 1085-92. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0080-623420140000700017
Assunção, K.N., Pasqualotto, L.T., Campos, H.O., e Júnior, N.S.F. (2022). Sleep disorders and regular physical exercise in primary health care: an observational study. Rev. Bras. Ativ. Fís. Saúde, 27, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.12820/rbafs.27e0267
Bertolazi, AN, Fagondes, SC, Hoff, LS, Dartora, EG, Miozzo, ICS, Barba, ME, e Barreto, SSM (2011). Validation of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Sleep Med, 12, 70-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2010.04.020
Bertolazi, A.N., Fagondes, S.C., Hoff, L.S., Pedro, D., Barreto, S.S.M., e Johns, M.W. (2009). Portuguese-language version of the Epworth sleepiness scale: validation for use in Brazil. J Bras Pneumol, 35(9), 877-883. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1806-37132009000900009
Buman, M.P., Phillips, B.A., Youngstedt, S.D., Kline, C.E., e Hirshkowitz, M. (2014). Does Nighttime Exercise Really Disturb Sleep? Results from the 2013 National Sleep Foundation Sleep in America Poll. Sleep Medicine, 15(10), 10-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2014.01.008
Buysse, D.J., Reynolds, C.F., Monk, T.H, Berman, S.R., e Kupfer, D.J. (1989). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res, 28(2), 193-213. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4
Cardoso, HC, Bueno, FCC, Mata, JC, Alves, APR, Jochims, I., Filho, IHRV, e Hanna, MM (2009). Avaliação da qualidade do sono em estudantes de Medicina. Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica, 33(3), 349-355. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-55022009000300005
Castanhel, S.A., Boeira, D., Doyenart, R., e Silva, L.A. (2019). Resposta da prática de natação sobre escores de ansiedade/estresse e fatores de adesão/permanência em adolescentes. Revista Biomotriz, 13, 124-134. https://revistaeletronica.unicruz.edu.br/index.php/biomotriz/article/view/78
Doyenart, R., Boeira, D., Milhomens, YP, Silva, VOS, Réus, GZ, Silveira, PCL, e Silva, LA (2023). Effects of aquatic high intensity interval training on parameters of functional autonomy, mental health, and oxidative dysfunction in elderly subjects with type 2 diabetes. Int J Environ Health Res, 13, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/09603123.2023.2175797
Doyenart, R., Olimpio, M., Boeira, D., Sombrio, F., Milhonnes, I., Gomes, K., Thirupathi, A., e Silva, LA (2020). Psychophysiological Changes After A Half Marathon In Amateur Runners. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 20, 1768-1774. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2020.04240
Driver, H.S., e Taylor, S.R. (2000). Exercise and sleep. Sleep Med Rev, 4, 387-402. https://doi.org/10.1053/smrv.2000.0110
Duarte, M.Q., Santo, M.A.S., Lima, C.P., Giordani, J.P., e Trentini, C.M. (2020). COVID-19 e os impactos na saúde mental: uma amostra do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva [online], 25, 9. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020259.16472020
Ellenbogen, J.M. (2005). Cognitive benefits of sleep and their loss due to sleep deprivation. Neurology, 64, 25-7. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000164850.68115.81
Ferrara, M., e Gennaro, L. (2001). How much sleep do we need? Sleep Med, 5(2), 155-79. https://doi.org/10.1053/smrv.2000.0138
Guedes, D.P., e Guedes, J.E.R.P. (1995). Atividade física, aptidão física e saúde. Revista Brasileira de Atividade Física & Saúde, 1(1), 18-35. https://doi.org/10.12820/rbafs.v.1n1p18-35
Harma, M.I., Ilmarinen, J., Knauth P., Rutenfranz,, J., e Hänninen, O. (1988). Physical training intervention in female shift workers: I. The effects of intervention on fitness, fatigue, sleep, and psychosomatic symptoms. Ergonomics, 31(1), 39-50. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00140138808966647
Horne, J.A., Anderson, N.R., e Wilkinson, R.T. (1983). Effects of sleep on signal detection measures of vigilance: implications for sleep function. Sleep, 6, 347-358. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/6.4.347
Jackson, M., Kang, M., Furness, J., e Kemp-Smith K. (2022). Aquatic exercise and mental health: A scoping review. Complement Ther Med, 66, 102820. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2022.102820
Johns, M.W. (2000). Sensitivity and specificity of the multiple sleep latency test (MSLT), the maintenance of wakefulness test and Epworth sleepiness scale: failure of the MSLT as a gold standard. J Sleep Res., 9(1), 5-11. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2869.2000.00177.x
Kline, CE, Ewing, GB, Burch, JB, Blair, SN, Durstine, JL, Davis, JM, e Youngstedt, SD (2012). Exercise training improves selected aspects of daytime functioning in adults with obstructive sleep apnea. J Clin Sleep Med, 8(4), 357-65. https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.2022
Lima, CKT, Carvalho, PMM, Lima, IAAS, Nunes, JVAO, Saraiva, JS, Souza, RI, Silva, CGL, e Neto, MLR (2020). The emotional impact of Coronavirus 2019-nCoV (new Coronavirus disease). Psychiatry Research, 287(1), 1-2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112915
Martins, P.J.F., Mello, M.T. de, e Tufik, S. (2001). Exercício e sono. Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte,7(1), 28- 36. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-86922001000100006
Medeiros, M.S., Motta, J., Mariano, S., Menguer, L., e Silva, L.A. (2018). Estudo de caso de um programa individualizado de natação em cadeirante portador de poliomielite: análise de parâmetros bioquímicos, qualidade de vida e capacidade física funcional. Revista Brasileira de Ciências do Esporte [online], 40(1), 94-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbce.2018.01.010
Mello, T.M., Fernandez, A.C., e Tufik, S. (2000). Levantamento epidemiológico da prática de atividade física na cidade de São Paulo. Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte, 6(4), 119-124. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-86922000000400003
Mikkelsen, K., Stojanovska, L., Polenakovic, M., Bosevski, M., e Apostolopoulos, V. (2017). Exercise and mental health. Maturitas, 106, 48-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.09.003
Moreira, B.D., Doyenart, R., Gomes, K.M., e Silva, L.A. (2021). Resposta da prática de 12 semanas de natação sobre saúde mental em indivíduos com amputação de membros. Revista de Extensão, 18, 36-49. https://periodicos.ufsc.br/index.php/extensio/article/view/77439
Morrison, I., e Riha, R.L. (2012). Excessive daytime sleepiness and narcolepsy--an approach to investigation and management. Eur J Intern Med, 23(2),110-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2011.09.005
OMS - Organização Mundial de Saúde e OPAS - Organização Pan-Americana de Saúde. (2020). Folha informativa COVID-19 - 2020. (Doença causada pelo novo coronavírus). https://www.paho.org/pt/covid19
Prandini, N.R., Souza, S.R.R.K., Resende, A.C.A.P., Freitas, E.A.M. de, Serrato, J.T., e Skupien, S.V. (2022). Salud mental de puérperas durante la pandemia de covid-19: revisión integradora. Aquichan, 22(2), e2227. https://doi.org/10.5294/aqui.2022.22.2.7
Ropke, LM, Souza, AG, Bertoz, APM, Adriazola, MM, Ortolan, EVP, Martins, RH, Lopes, WC, Rodrigues, CDB, Bigliazzi, R., e Weber, SAT (2018). Efeito da atividade física na qualidade do sono e qualidade de vida: revisão sistematizada. Archives of Health Investigation, 6(12), 561-566. https://doi.org/10.21270/archi.v6i12.2258
Sharp, M.W., e Reilley, R.R. (1975). The relationship of aerobic physical fitness to selected personality traits. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 31(3), 428-430. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1165262/
Shephard, R.J., e Bouchard, C. (1995). Relationship between perceptions of physical activity and health - related fitness. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 35(3), 149-158. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8775640/
Silva, LA, Doyenart, R., Salvan, PH, Rodrigues, W., Lopes, JF, Gomes, K., Thirupathi, A., Pinho, RA, e Silveira, PC (2019). Swimming training improves mental health parameters, cognition and motor coordination in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 30(5), 584-592. https://doi.org/10.1080/09603123.2019.1612041
Silva, LA, Menguer, L., Motta, J., Dieke, B., Mariano, S., Tasca, GM, Zacaron, RP, Silveira, PCL, e Pinho, RA (2017). Effect Of Aquatic Exercise On Mental Health, Functional Autonomy, And Oxidative Dysfunction In Hypertensive Adults. Clinical And Experimental Hypertension, 40(6), 547-553. https://doi.org/10.1080/10641963.2017.1407331
Silva, LA, Menguer, LS, Doyenart, R., Boeira, D., Milhomens, YP, Dieke, B., Volpato, AMJ, Thirupathi, A., e Silveira, PC (2021). Effect of aquatic exercise on mental health, functional autonomy, and oxidative damages in diabetes elderly individuals. International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 1, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1080/09603123.2021.1943324
Steffens, R.A.K., Liz, C.M., Viana, M.S., Brandt, R., Oliveira, L.G.A., e Andrade, A. (2011). Praticar caminhada melhora a qualidade do sono e os estados de humor em mulheres com síndrome da fibromialgia. Revista Dor, 12(4), 327-331. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1806-00132011000400008
Stores, G. (2007). Clinical diagnosis and misdiagnosis of sleep disorders. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 78(12), 1293-1297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.2006.111179
Tan, X., Egmond, L.T., Cedernaes, J., e Benedict C. (2020). The role of exercise-induced peripheral factors in sleep regulation. Mol Metab,, 42, 101096. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molmet.2020.101096
Torres, N.G. (2023). La actividad física y la salud mental. En R. Mendoza Bejarano, R. Santos Rocha, e B. Gil. (Coords.), La promoción de la actividad física en la sociedad contemporánea: orientaciones para la práctica profesional (pp. 91-109). Editorial Díaz de Santos.
Van Reeth, OV, Sturis, J., Byrne, MM, Blackman, JD, L’Hermite-Balériaus, M., Leproult, R., Oliner, C., Refetoff, S., Turek, FW, e Van Cauter, E. (1994). Nocturnal exercise phase delays circadian rhythms of melatonin and thyrotropin secretion in normal men. Am J Physiol, 266(9), 964-974. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1994.266.6.e964
Viegas, C.A.A. (2010). Epidemiologia dos distúrbios respiratórios do sono. Jornal Brasileiro de pneumologia, 36(2), 51-61. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1806-37132010001400002
Vieira, D.S.P., Silva, T.M., Fávero, F.M., Quadros, A.A.J., Fontes, S.V., e Oliveira, A.S.B. (2011). Caracterização de alterações do sono de pacientes com Síndrome Pós-Poliomielite pela Polissonografia. Revista Neurociências, 19(1), 18-25. https://doi.org/10.34024/rnc.2011.v19.8400
World Health Organization (2022). Mental health: strengthening our response. Who. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mental-health-strengthening-our-response
Youngstedt, S.D., O’Connor, e P.J., e Dishman, R.K. (1997). The effects of acute exercise on sleep: a quantitative synthesis. Sleep, 20, 203-214. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/20.3.203
Author Biographies
http://lattes.cnpq.br/4504045926628395
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0029414609234004
Copyright (c) 2023 Lecturas: Educación Física y Deportes
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
