Biomechanics of the Olympic Weightlifting Clean. Differences Between High-Level Athletes and Novices
Abstract
Introduction: Weightlifting, by requiring lifting as much weight as possible, needs to optimize various variables of sports performance, including sports technique as a determining component in the management process of applied sports training. Objective: To compare biomechanically from the Olympic weightlifting clean, bearing in mind the differences between high-level athletes and novices from the Federación Deportiva Provincial de Orellana. Methods: Descriptive-correlative cross-sectional research, studied two independent groups of 5 high-level weightlifters and 6 novice-level athletes. The results are investigated in three variables (AFR: patellar femorotibial joint, ACF: hip joint and TE: execution time), qualitatively qualifying motor movement, and making a comparison in each variable of analysis. Results: The averages recorded were higher in high performance athletes (AFR: 118.4°; ACF: 85° and TE: 3.18s) than in novice level athletes (AFR: 111.17°; ACF: 81.17° and TE: 3.67s), with no significant differences between independent groups, obtaining the qualitative evaluation of the bar trajectory a higher level in high performance athletes (in average 2.8 points: Good-Very Good) than novice athletes (in average 1.5 points: Bad-Good). Conclusions: The study carried out reaffirms that the means achieved in the variables knee angles, hip joint angle and execution time were mostly positive in high-performance athletes than, in novice athletes, requiring further studies with samples greater than those investigated.
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