O exercício físico combinado e a rigidez arterial em indivíduos hipertensos e pré-hipertensos. Revisão sistemática

Marckson da Silva Paula; Rodrigo Gomes de Souza Vale; Jani Cleria Pereira Bezerra; Estélio Henrique Martin Dantas

doi:10.46642/efd.v30i327.8160

Marckson da Silva Paula Universidade Castelo Branco (UCB) https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9575-0720
Rodrigo Gomes de Souza Vale Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3049-8773
Jani Cleria Pereira Bezerra Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO) https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6247-5480
Estélio Henrique Martin Dantas Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0981-8020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46642/efd.v30i327.8160

Resumen

La rigidez arterial es un indicador importante del envejecimiento vascular y se asocia con el riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular y mortalidad. Se han propuesto diversas intervenciones para reducirla, especialmente en personas hipertensas y prehipertensas. En los últimos años, se ha investigado el ejercicio físico combinado por su impacto en este marcador. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los efectos del ejercicio físico combinado sobre la rigidez arterial en personas hipertensas y prehipertensas. Para ello, se realizó una revisión sistemática, de acuerdo con las directrices PRISMA, en las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, LILACS y Google Scholar. Se identificaron 2675 artículos, de los cuales solo tres cumplieron los criterios de elegibilidad y se incluyeron en el análisis. La velocidad de la onda de pulso (VOP) fue la principal medida utilizada para evaluar la rigidez arterial, presente en el 66,7% de los estudios. Los resultados indicaron que, en dos de los tres estudios (66,7%), el ejercicio físico combinado no fue eficaz para reducir la rigidez arterial en personas hipertensas y prehipertensas. Por lo tanto, se concluye que se necesitan más estudios experimentales con intervenciones combinadas de ejercicio de resistencia y aeróbico, realizados con mayor rigor metodológico, para determinar si existe, de hecho, una reducción significativa de la rigidez arterial en estos grupos específicos.

Palabras clave: Hipertensión, Prehipertensión, Ejercicio físico, Rigidez vascular

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