Proteína vegetal y entrenamiento de fuerza. Efectos sobre las concentraciones plasmáticas de leucina
Resumen
El ejercicio físico, especialmente el entrenamiento de fuerza, es beneficioso para la salud, incluido el aumento de masa muscular. Una ingesta adecuada de proteínas es esencial para optimizar estos efectos, especialmente la leucina, un aminoácido esencial. Aunque se ha comprobado que las proteínas de origen animal son superiores, las proteínas vegetales, combinadas, también podrían ser eficaces. Este estudio evaluó los efectos de un suplemento proteico derivado de vainas inmaduras de caupí sobre la concentración plasmática de leucina en adultos jóvenes tras una sesión de entrenamiento de fuerza. Participaron diez hombres sanos realizando entrenamiento de fuerza en cuatro condiciones: control, ejercicio, suplementación y suplementación con ejercicio. Se tomaron muestras de sangre para analizar la leucina. La suplementación consistió en 150g de puré de vainas de caupí, con un contenido estimado de proteínas de entre 15g y 18g. Los niveles de leucina variaron significativamente entre condiciones. El ejercicio por sí solo mantuvo los niveles durante más tiempo, mientras que la suplementación produjo aumento más temprano pero menor. La combinación de suplementación y ejercicio mostró una tendencia a la reducción progresiva, lo que sugiere que la proteína vegetal puede no haber proporcionado suficiente leucina para optimizar la respuesta al entrenamiento. Se concluyó que la suplementación con proteína de caupí no aumentaba significativamente la leucina plasmática tras el entrenamiento, posiblemente debido a una digestión más lenta y a un perfil de aminoácidos menos completo. Pueden haber sido necesarias estrategias adicionales, como la combinación con otros aminoácidos o hidratos de carbono.
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