Factores de riesgo, causas y efectos en la sintomatología lumbar en nadadores. Una revisión sistemática
Resumen
El dolor lumbar es un problema común entre los nadadores. El objetivo de la revisión sistemática fue evaluar los estudios publicados, y definir los factores de riesgo que pueden predisponer a un nadador a padecer lumbalgia. Se investigaron las bases de datos de PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Sciences y Cochrane Library, y se utilizaron las palabras clave Low Back Pain AND Swimmers. Según los criterios definidos, se encontraron 2122 artículos luego de las exclusiones finales y los artículos repetidos, se analizaron artículos entre los años 2010 a 2020. Se consideraron todos los individuos, independientemente de su edad o sexo. En consecuencia, de nuestra revisión de los estudios, llegamos a la conclusión de que existen fuertes indicadores de que el dolor lumbar está asociado con problemas técnicos y falta de fortalecimiento muscular en la zona lumbar. Estos resultados son una herramienta para afirmar y orientar la importancia de una técnica de natación adecuada para cada individuo, así como la aplicación de programas de fortalecimiento muscular en nadadores por parte de los equipos técnicos. Aún existen algunas dudas sobre los beneficios de la natación en el tratamiento de algunas enfermedades relacionadas con la columna, o incluso para el bienestar del individuo.
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Derechos de autor 2022 Lecturas: Educación Física y Deportes
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