Influencia de la calidad del aire en la salud del adolescente
Resumen
Introducción: la exposición temprana de los adolescentes a ambientes en los que la calidad del aire se ve comprometida por los contaminantes puede conducir a varias dolencias, principalmente relacionadas con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, que durarán toda la vida. Objetivo: identificar en la literatura la influencia de la calidad del aire en la salud de los adolescentes, buscando comprender los efectos de los contaminantes del aire. Metodología: revisión integradora utilizando los descriptores "Contaminación del aire" AND "Salud del adolescente". Las búsquedas se realizaron en las bases de datos de PubMed y Biblioteca Virtual de Salud (BVS). Se incluyeron artículos publicados de 2014 a 2018 en producciones de texto completo en portugués, inglés y español. Resultados: se seleccionaron y categorizaron 37 artículos de acuerdo con la influencia de la calidad del aire en la salud respiratoria, la salud mental, las enfermedades relacionadas con el síndrome metabólico y otras enfermedades. Conclusión: este estudio concluye que la calidad del aire tiene una fuerte influencia en la salud de los adolescentes. Esta influencia se puede ver especialmente en las enfermedades respiratorias causadas por el tabaquismo pasivo, el olor intencional de vapores de gasolina, pegamento, correctores y caños de escape de automóviles.
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