Mónica Gabriela Paucar Tipán

Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE

(Ecuador)

Reception: 06/21/2018 - Acceptance: 08/15/2018

1st Review: 08/12/2018 - 2nd Review: 08/13/2018

 

Abstract

    There is no scale in Ruminahui Canton for sports trainers to reference the standards on detection and selection of new talents no matter the sport they practice, so as a consequence of the lack of a scientific basement, the process is not as effective as it should be. The goal is to stablish general detection scales for sports talents in Ruminahui Canton through the application of scientific methods such as anthropometric measures and most of all, physical tests to facilitate the effective formation of new sports talents in sports schools in Canton. The candidates (children/teenagers) were tested in similar conditions by applying anthropometric measures and physical tests. The sample is composed by 323 children/teenagers both, male and female, between 9-12 years old. The following anthropometric measures and physical tests were applied: weight (kg), height (cm), flexibility: vertical anterior trunk flexion (cm), jump length s/c impulse (cm), back throw with medicine ball 2 kg s/c of impulse (cm), 30 m speed (sec.), abdominal 30 secs. (Rep.) stroke of 600 m up to 10 years and for 11-12 years a distance of 1000 m (in sec), push-ups and extensions of elbow mouth down 30 sec. (Rep.). The established scales at an anthropometric and physical level, are indicators to set a more adequate and precise orientation up, helping trainers to go through a more accurate process regarding the detection and selection in sports schools in Ruminahui Canton.

    Keywords: Sport talent. Detection and selection of talents. Scales.

 

Resumen

    En el Cantón Rumiñahui no existe una norma (baremos) que sirva de referencia a los entrenadores para el proceso de detección y selección de talentos independientemente del deporte, consecuentemente el proceso al no contar con un método científico de respaldo no es del todo efectivo. El objetivo es establecer baremos de detección general de posibles talentos deportivos del Cantón Rumiñahui mediante la aplicación del método científico tales como mediciones antropométricas y en su mayoría test físicos para facilitar la conformación efectiva de deportistas en las escuelas deportivas del Cantón. Se aplicaron las mediciones antropométricas y los test físicos en condiciones similares a todos los niños-adolescentes. La muestra está compuesta por 323 niños-adolescentes de ambos sexos entre los 9-12 años de edad. Se aplicaron las siguientes mediciones antropométricas y test físicos: peso (kg), talla (cm), flexibilidad: flexión anterior vertical del tronco (cm), Salto de longitud s/c de impulso (cm), lanzamiento de espaldas con balón medicinal 2 kg s/c de impulso (cm), 30 m velocidad (seg.), abdominales 30 seg. (Rep.) carrera de 600 m hasta 10 años y para 11-12 años una distancia de 1000 m (en seg.), flexiones y extensiones de codo boca abajo 30 seg. (Rep.). Los baremos establecidos a niveles antropométricos y físicos son indicadores los cuales nos permiten establecer una orientación más adecuada y precisa contribuyendo de esta manera a que los entrenadores realicen un proceso acertado en relación al proceso de detección y selección en las escuelas deportivas del Cantón Rumiñahui.

    Palabras clave: Talento deportivo. Detección y selección de talentos. Baremos.

 

Resumo

    No Cantão de Rumiñahui não há norma (escalas) que sirva de referência para os treinadores para o processo de detecção e seleção de talentos independentemente do esporte, consequentemente o processo, não tendo um método científico de apoio, não é totalmente efetivo. O objetivo é estabelecer escalas de detecção geral de possíveis talentos esportivos de Cantão Rumiñahui, aplicando o método científico como medidas antropométricas e teste principalmente física para facilitar a conformação eficaz de atletas nas escolas de esportes no Cantão. Medidas antropométricas e testes físicos foram aplicados em condições semelhantes a todas as crianças-adolescentes. A amostra é composta por 323 crianças-adolescentes de ambos os sexos, entre 9 e 12 anos de idade. Foram aplicadas as seguintes medidas antropométricas e testes físicos: peso (kg), altura (cm), flexibilidade: flexão anterior vertical do tronco (cm), comprimento do salto s/c impulso (cm), lastro com bola medicinal 2 kg s/c impulso (cm), 30 m velocidade (seg.), abdominal 30 seg. (Rep.), carreira de 600 m até 10 anos e por 11-12 anos a uma distância de 1000 m (em seg.), flexões e extensões de cotovelo para baixo 30 seg. (Rep.) As escalas estabelecidas nos níveis antropométrico e físico são indicadores que nos permitem estabelecer uma orientação mais adequada e precisa, contribuindo para que os treinadores façam um processo preciso em relação ao processo de detecção e seleção nas escolas esportivas de Cantão Rumiñahui.

    Unitermos: Talento esportivo. Detecção e seleção de talentos. Escalas.

 

Lecturas: Educación Física y Deportes, Vol. 23, Núm. 243, Ago. (2018)

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Introduction

 

    Detection and selection of talented individuals in some areas like arts, sports, etc. has been a motive for research for years. The process of sportive education is more demanding every day, which become the selection of talents to begin a sportive career, a priority (Charles, Ruiz, & Martínez, 2014; Pila, 1995). In this process there have been applied methodologies to contribute to optimally detect and select the best athletes according to the specific characteristics of the sport they are going to practice.

 

    The current exigencies to obtain optimal results reflect a need to select in a brief time lapse, the subjects who have wider possibilities to reach the top of efficiency while practicing a sport. It is important to understand that it is a complex and systematic process which has different stages such as the detection that is necessary to success or get final results in a fixed time lapse (Charles, Ruiz, & Martínez, 2014; e Silva, Figueiredo, Elferink-Gemser, & Malina, 2010).

 

    The detection and selection of sports is ruled by the well-known talent, for Bohme (1994) quoted by Charles, Ruiz, & Martínez (2014), the talent depends on the constitution of inheritance (type of physical constitution) of the motor, affective, cognitive disposition in relation to the development of favorable environmental and social conditions. The authors Medranda, Castillejo, Pérez, & Betancourt (2017) agree that the ability of an individual to successfully develop in a particular sport allows him / her to be considered as sports talent.

 

    The people who present some kind of talent are those who, in relation to their ability to perform and assimilate, stand out in a particular sport specialty (Rosales, Pérez, & Carmenate, 2014), they can be the biggest, the strongest, the fastest, they are simply better than others and exist in all different age ranges (Brown, 2001).

 

    On the other hand, Marqués (2002), refers to the fact that a talented individual is that one who presents special endogenous factors, which, when influenced by optimal exogenous conditions, present possibilities of obtaining high sporting results. Pila (2004), defines talent as all outstanding manifestation of the human being, which are revealed in high rates of functional and motor morph performance which promote an initiation and proper development in sports training, knowing this as a pedagogical process.

 

    Some people believe that they recognize a talent when they see it (Baker, Cobley, & Schorer, 2012), certain professionals in the area still apply empirical methods, based on the coach's experience without foundations or scientific means (Wanceulen & Wanceulen, 2017), consequently the obtained results do not get to be the best ones.

 

    Today we know that a selection system is correctly supported, when it allows that in a segment of the population only the best talents are selected, as a consequence of this process we will obtain optimization of human, economic, technical, material resources and greater results, such as indicated by Fernández (2009), preventing children and young people who do not meet the anthropometric, psychological, technical and motor requirements to be selected, causing short or medium term loss of time and frustration (Mahmoud & Fernandez, 2009).

 

    The process of identifying potential talents contributes in the long term to the prediction of the necessary attributes for a sports specialization. However, the process of sport selection has as a stage, the detection of talents and as a basis the pedagogical observation (Balmaseda, 2009). The importance of this process is to let us know why not all athletes achieve excellent results (Maldonado, 2007; Calero, 2014; Morales & Taboada, 2011), also defining socio-cultural factors in terms of the selection and maintenance of sports talent, this factor is not specific to this research but a factor to be taken into account in future research of the Canton.

 

    Detecting and selecting talent requires the contribution of sports scientists and specialized trainers. (Farrow, Baker, & Macmahon, 2013), there are different models of detection and selection of possible sports talents, all these are based on the requirements of the sports system, entity or federation responsible for each country (Pradas, Cabello, & Carazo, 2003), the applied models use procedures that allow them to predict the future performance of athletes, for which they apply tests or assessment tests at an anthropometric, physical and psychological level (Piqueres, 2007), as exant evaluations, that is before a process is initiated (Barroso, Sánchez, Calero, Recalde, Montero, & Delgado, 2015), the assessment tests are constituted by tests that allow us to know or measure the physical condition of a person in an objective way.

 

    From the theoretical point of view all the authors quoted to define talent and the process of detection and selection of talents agree that it should be of a scientific nature, which will contribute to the optimization of resources in order to select the best sports talents based on the existing characteristics of the population, in our particular case according to the characteristics of the population of the Ruminahui Canton.

 

    This process is essential in terms of sporting results to be achieved in the future, since Ecuador is a multi-ethnic country (Puente & Romero, 2016) it is very important that each canton, province, region in Ecuador implements general and specific detection rates for this process due to the different characteristics that the population presents, that is why the objective of this research is to establish scales of local general detection of possible sporting talents by applying the scientific method such as anthropometric measurements and physical tests to facilitate the effective conformation of athletes in the sports schools of the Canton.

 

Methods

 

    The sample is composed by 323 children-teenagers of both sexes between 9-12 years’ old who do not practice any kind of extracurricular physical activity or sport in particular.

 

Instruments

 

    The following anthropometric tests were applied:

• Weight (kg). An electronic scale was used.

• Height or size of foot (m). A measuring tape was used.

    The following physical tests were applied:

1. Flexibility: vertical anterior flexion of the trunk (cm). To assess the range of movement of the coxofemoral joints and the lumbar spine and the elongation capacity of the hamstring, gluteal and extensor muscles of the spine. A flexometer was used.

2. Long jump without impulse stroke (cm). To assess the explosive force in lower extremities. A measuring tape was used.

3. Back throw with medicine ball 2 kg s/c impulse (cm) is a variant of the throwing of weight backwards. To assess the explosive strength of the trunk and upper limbs, a 2 kg medicine ball and a measuring tape were used.

4. 30 m speed (s). A chronometer was used.

5. Abdominals 30 s (Rep.). For the assessment of abdominal strength resistance. A chronometer and a monitor that controls and records the repetitions were used.

6. Race of 600 m up to 10 years and for 11-12 years a distance of 1000 m (in sec.). For the assessment of resistance. A chronometer was used.

7. Flexions and elbow extensions upside down 30 sec. (Rep.) For the assessment of strength resistance in upper extremities. A chronometer and a monitor that controls and records the repetitions were used.

    For the purposes of the qualitative evaluation of the test, the following norms are established.

 

Evaluative Scale

• Excellent: Equal or greater than 45 points.

• Very Good: 41-44 points.

• Good: 36-40 points.

• Approved: 25-35 points.

    It should be noted that the strength resistance meter; upside-down elbow flexion (30 s), in repetitions and resistance Stroke (600 m for 8-9 years and 1000 m in ages 10-12 years), in minutes and seconds were applied but were not registered; therefore they were not taken into account to establish the scales because the population did not present any type of previous training. Therefore, the condition of strength and arm strength was not concluded or correctly executed in most cases, determining unreal data that were not taken into account for this investigation.

 

    On the other hand, the indicators of weight and height are not taken into account in the scoring system, but they are considered as reference indicators for the coaches, as minimum values ​​that must be fulfilled for the conformation of the different sports schools of the Canton.

 

    To process the data of the anthropometric measurements and physical tests and to know the scales based on each age and sex, the SPSS V25 was used with various statisticians such as the 5th, 15th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 85th and 95th percentiles, the Arithmetic Mean, Minimum and Maximum values, the results were exposed in the following section.

 

Results and discussion

 

    Although the study is focused on physical test indicators (Table 6-9), it was considered that the anthropometric indicator is also crucial for the detection and selection process (Table 1), which is the case considering the size and the weight, these scales will be used for several sports among them weightlifting, sport in which the small size is more favorable, the measured anthropometric indicators move in a value around the 50-95th percentile (Table 1) which must be considered and analyzed by the coaches so that the candidates are accepted in the different schools of the Canton.

 

Table 1. Minimum anthropometric reference scales (50-95 percentile)

Requirement of sport	Female 9-10 years old		Male 9-10 years old
	Weight (Kg)	Height (cm)	Weight (Kg)	Height (cm)
Size and low weight within the percentiles (50-75)	31-35	133-137	33-36	134-137
	36-38	138-140	37-39	138-140
Size and high weight within the percentiles (85-95)	39-48	141-145	40-45	141-145
	≥49	≥146	≥46	≥146
Requirement of sport	Female 11-12 years old		Male 11-12 years old
	Weight (Kg)	Height (cm)	Weight (Kg)	Height (cm)
Size and low weight within the percentiles (50-75)	38-43	142-146	36-42	140-144
	44-46	147-149	43-47	145-147
Size and high weight within the percentiles (85-95)	47-59	150-153	48-60	148-154
	≥60	≥154	≥61	≥155

 

    Table 1 shows the anthropometric results of height and weight applied to a total population of 323 male and female adolescent with age ranges of 9-10 and 11-12 years who move between the 50th and 95th percentiles.

 

    The values obtained with their respective deviations as well as mean (average), median, mode, and maximum and minimum values referring to physical scales are shown below (Table 2-5).

 

Table 2. Statistical behaviors female physical tests 9-10 years old

Statistical Physical Test  Female 9-10 years old
		Flexibility (cm)	Jump length without impulse stroke (cm)	Back shot with medicine ball without impulse race (cm)	Speed 30 m (s)	Abdominals 30 sec (rep)
N	Valid	108	108	108	108	108
	Lost	0	0	0	0	0
Half		-5,7037	114,6574	296,2500	6,7668	13,1019
Median		-5,0000	116,0000	290,0000	6,5850	12,0000
Mode		-2,00	100,00	360,00	6,25a	12,00
Desv. Deviation		6,75231	19,19266	82,49215	,76575	5,23814
Minimum		-29,00	56,00	113,00	5,13	2,00
Maximum		11,00	163,00	535,00	9,34	28,00
a. There are multiple modes. The smallest value is displayed.

 

    Table 2 shows the statistical results of the different physical tests performed on 108 female schoolchildren (9-10 years old), obtaining a mean or average on the flexibility indicator of -5.7037 cm, an average jump length without an impulse of 114.6574 cm, an average of throwing of back with medicinal ball without impulse race of 296.2500 cm, an average speed 30m of 6.7668 seconds and an average in the abdominal indicator 30s of 13 repetitions. It also shows values of median, mode, deviation, maximum and minimum for each of the physical tests, indicators that have traditionally been considered variables of medical-biological control of the athlete and untrained subjects, as evidenced in Flores, Calero, Arancibia, & García (2014)

 

Table 3. Statistical behavior physical tests to males at ages 9-10 years old

Statistical Physical Test  Male 9-10 years old
		Flexibility (cm)	Jump length without impulse stroke (cm)	Back shot with medicine ball without impulse race (cm)	Speed 30 m (s)	Abdominals 30 sec (rep)
N	Valid	92	92	92	92	92
	Lost	0	0	0	0	0
Half		-5,0435	125,8587	379,2826	6,6078	14,3478
Median		-3,5000	124,5000	379,0000	6,4400	14,0000
Mode		-3,00	121,00	225,00a	6,72	12,00a
Deviation		5,97598	22,76617	90,00907	,96163	5,32552
Minimum		-26,00	60,00	200,00	4,97	3,00
Maximum		11,00	191,00	591,00	9,84	30,00
a. There are multiple modes. The smallest value is displayed.

 

    Table 3 shows the statistical results of the different physical tests performed on 92 male schoolchildren (9-10 years old), obtaining a mean or average in the flexibility indicator of -5.0434 cm, an average of jump length without an impulse of 125.8587 cm, an average of throwing of back with medicinal ball without career of impulse of 379.2826 cm, an average speed 30 m of 6.6078 seconds and an average in the indicator abdominal 30 sec of 14 repetitions. It also shows values of median, mode, deviation, maximum and minimum for each of the physical tests.

 

Table 4. Statistical behaviors female physical tests at ages 11-12 years old

Statistical Physical Test Female 11-12 years old
		Flexibility (cm)	Jump length without impulse stroke (cm)	Back shot with medicine ball without impulse race (cm)	Speed 30 m (s)	Abdominals 30 sec (rep)
N	Valid	54	54	54	54	54
	Lost	0	0	0	0	0
Half		-3,8333	120,7593	419,4074	6,4476	13,5556
Median		-3,0000	120,0000	416,5000	6,4850	14,0000
Mode		-3,00	120,00a	392,00a	6,60	13,00
Deviation		7,00337	17,37916	128,66111	,72977	5,15300
Minimum		-24,00	66,00	153,00	3,79	3,00
Maximum		9,00	168,00	700,00	8,61	23,00
a. There are multiple modes. The smallest value is displayed.

 

    Table 4 shows the statistical results of the different physical tests performed on 54 female schoolchildren (11-12 years old), obtaining a mean or average in the flexibility indicator of -3.8333 cm, an average jump length without an impulse of 120,7593 cm, an average of throwing of back with medicinal ball without impulse race of 419,4074 cm, an average speed 30 m of 6,4476 seconds and an average in the abdominal indicator 30 sec of 14 repetitions. It also shows values of median, mode, deviation, maximum and minimum for each of the physical tests.

 

Table 5. Statistical behavior tests male physical at ages 11-12 years old

Satistical Physical Test Male 11-12 years old
		Flexibility (cm)	Jump length without impulse stroke (cm)	Back shot with medicine ball without impulse race (cm)	Speed 30 m (s)	Abdominals 30 sec (rep)
N	Valid	69	69	69	69	69
	Lost	0	0	0	0	0
Half		0	135,5797	469,0000	6,1068	17,3478
Median		-6,4058	136,0000	471,0000	6,0600	18,0000
Mode		-4,0000	120,00	493,00	5,44a	20,00
Deviation		-6,00a	18,89554	109,77464	,71693	5,96023
Minimum		8,88376	89,00	246,00	3,47	3,00
Maximum		-35,00	198,00	905,00	8,37	32,00
a. There are multiple modes. The smallest value is displayed.

 

    Table 5 shows the statistical results of the different physical tests carried out on 69 male schoolchildren (11-12 years old), obtaining a mean or average on the flexibility indicator of -6.4058 cm, an average jump length without an impulse of 135.5797 cm, an average of throwing of back with medicine ball without impulse race of 469.000 cm, an average speed 30 m of 6.1068 seconds and an average in the abdominal indicator 30s of 17 repetitions. It also shows values ​​of median, mode, deviation, maximum and minimum for each of the physical tests.

 

    The results shown in Tables 2-5 indicate that the statistical behavior of the different physical tests mentioned above oscillate in the tables of references in a very marked way in certain tests, such is the case of the throwing back with medicine ball without impulse race that presents a very different oscillation in the deviation showing data of 89.49 in the female sex age of 9-10 years, 90.00 in the male sex of the same age this reality does not move away from the age range 11-12 for the female sexes indicates 128.66 and 109.77 for the male sex.

 

    In the same way the scales or physical standards that should be considered by the coaches for the detection and selection process of the different sports schools of the Ruminahui Canton are shown below, as a reference all the rows of the different tables have been highlighted from the 50th percentile (Tables 6-9).

 

Table 6. Physical scales for the detection and general selection of sports talents of Ruminahui Canton

Physical Test Female 9-10 years old
Total Points	Flexibility (cm)	Jump length without impulse stroke (cm)	Back shot with medicine ball without impulse race (cm)	Speed 30 m (s)	Abdominals 30 sec (rep)
1	-29 - 19	56 - 80	113 -1 54	9,34 – 8,32	2 – 4
2	-18 a -13	81 - 99	155 -211	8,31 - 7,52	5 - 7
3	-12 a -10	100	212 - 237	7,51 - 7,20	8 – 9
4	-9 a -6	101 - 115	238 - 289	7,19 - 6,59	10 -11
5	-5 a -3	116 - 126	290 - 359	6,58 - 6,29	12 – 17
7	-2 a -1	127 - 131	360 - 389	6,28 - 6,13	18 - 19
8	0 a 2	132 - 144	390 - 416	6,12 - 5,72	20
9	3 a 10	145 - 162	417 - 534	5,71 - 5,14	21 – 27
10	≥ 11	≥ 163	≥ 535	≤ 5,13	≥ 28

 

Table 7. Physical scales for the detection and general selection of sports talents of Ruminahui Canton

Physical Test Male 9-10 years old
Total Points	Flexibility (cm)	Jump length without impulse stroke (cm)	Back shot with medicine ball without impulse race (cm)	Speed 30 m (s)	Abdominals 30 sec (rep)
1	-26 a -17	60 - 90	200 - 232	9,84 – 9,20	3 - 4
2	-16 a -13	91 - 101	233 - 279	9,19 – 7,32	5 - 8
3	-12 a -8	102 - 111	280 - 309	7,31 - 6,83	9 - 10
4	-7 a -4	112 - 123	310 - 378	6,82 - 6,45	11 - 13
5	-3	124 - 136	379 - 445	6,44 - 6,01	14 - 17
7	-2	137 - 147	446 - 489	6,00 - 5,73	18 - 19
8	-1 a 4	148 - 167	490 - 522	5,72 - 5,49	20 - 22
9	5 a 10	168 - 190	523 - 590	5,48 – 4,98	23 - 29
10	≥ 11	≥ 191	≥ 591	≤ 4,97	≥ 30,00

 

Table 8. Physical scales for the detection and general selection of sports talents of Ruminahui Canton

Physical Test Female 11-12 years old
Total Points	Flexibility (cm)	Jump length without impulse stroke (cm)		Back shot with medicine ball without impulse race (cm)	Speed 30 m (s)	Abdominals 30 sec (rep)
1	-24 a -17		66 - 89	153 - 206	8,61 – 7,74	3
2	-16 a -12		90 - 104	207 - 274	7,73 – 7,09	4 - 5
3	-11 a -10		105 - 108	275 - 295	7,08 – 6,76	6 - 9
4	-9 a - 4		109 - 119	296 - 415	6,75 - 6,49	10 - 13
5	-3 a 0		120 - 129	416 - 511	6,48 - 6,10	14 - 16
7	1 a 2		130 - 132	512 - 566	6,09 - 5,74	17 - 18
8	3 a 7		133 - 156	567 - 642	5,73 - 5,47	19 - 20
9	8		157 - 167	641 - 699	5,46 - 3,80	21 - 22
10	≥ 9		≥ 168	≥ 700	≤ 3,79	≥ 23

 

Table 9. Physical scales for the detection and general selection of sports talents of Ruminahui Canton

Physical Test Male 11-12 years old
Total Points	Flexibility (cm)	Jump length without impulse stroke (cm)	Back shot with medicine ball without impulse race (cm)	Speed 30 m (s)	Abdominals 30 sec (rep)
1	-35 a -26	89 - 105	246 - 309	8,37 - 7,38	3 - 7
2	-25 a -16	106 - 118	310 - 364	7,39 - 6,67	8 - 9
3	-15 a -11	119 - 123	365 - 386	6,66 - 6,43	10 - 12
4	-10 a -5	124 - 135	387 - 470	6,42 - 6,07	13 - 17
5	-4 a -2	136 - 144	471 - 514	6,06 - 5,70	18 - 20
7	-1 a 2	145 - 152	515 - 573	5,69 - 5,49	21 - 22
8	3 a 4	153 - 162	574 - 659	5,48 - 5,23	23 - 25
9	5 a 11	163 - 197	660 - 904	5,22 - 3,48	26 - 31
10	≥ 12	≥ 198	≥ 905	≤ 3,47	≥ 32

 

    The scales established at the anthropometric (Table 1) and physical (Table 6-9) levels are indicators which will allow us to establish a more adequate and precise orientation (Puente & Romero, 2016), contributing in this way to the coaches to make a successful process in relation to the detection and selection process in the sports schools of Ruminahui Canton.

 

    Aware that within the research is not intended to refer to these standards from the field of physical education, what is evident is not overlooked and we refer to that in the tables (Table 6-9) in which we find physical scales to be considered for the process of detection and selection of the Ruminahui sports schools, not only provide us with a guide from the point of established standards, but also make us witnesses of a reality within the physical education of the Canton, allowing also make relevant comparisons with other published works such as those in judo, taekwondo, basketball and weightlifting recently published. (Egas & Romero, 2018, Rubio, Sevilla, & Romero, 2018, Sánchez & Romero, 2018)

 

    Well, if we take into consideration the tests that do not appear in the scales since they were not tabulated because they were not completed in the majority of cases, nor correctly executed in others, but they were applied (inflexions and elbow extensions upside down) sec and career of 600m up to 10 years and for 11-12 years a distance of 1000 m (in sec) they give us indicators of a poor physical condition of schoolchildren, which points to three questions: is it physical education responsible for it? Is it the fault of modern life that is causing the culture of an active life to be lost in an accelerated way, and how does this reality affect the processes of detection and selection? Questions that should be considered by physical education teachers, sports coaches and professionals related to this field.

 

    Returning to our research topic, the information contained in the different tables are not definitive norms since they are in an approval process. However, they can be applied as a means of support, in the same way they can continuously be perfected. If the coaches of Ruminahui Canton access and use these norms or scales by any means and have any contribution or suggestion, they will be taken into account by the authors.

 

Conclusions

1. The physical scales for the detection and general selection of sports talents of the Ruminahui Canton were successfully created in ages ranging between 9-10 and 11-12 years, both sexes, as a result of the application of anthropometric and mostly physical tests in schoolchildren in Ruminahui Canton.

2. The scales proposed in this research significantly contribute to the processes of detection and selection of the Canton; therefore the coaches of the different schools should not ignore them.

Acknowledgments

 

    To the research project “Indicadores antropométricos y de capacidades físicas en individuos entrenados y no entrenados para la detección de posibles talentos deportivos en el Ecuador”.

 

References

 

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Lecturas: Educación Física y Deportes, Vol. 23, Núm. 243, Ago. (2018)